Table tennis. Table tennis presentation for a lesson in physical education on the topic Table tennis presentation
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The presentation on the topic "Table tennis" (grade 6) can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Physical culture. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 15 slide(s).
Presentation slides
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History of table tennis in Ukraine
East Asia is considered the birthplace of games using rackets, figures, balls, held on special grounds. In China, on the walls of the summer residence of emperors, in the Summer Palace, you can see paintings that indicate that in the Middle Ages they played a game reminiscent of table tennis. Researchers of Japanese sports argue that at the same time in Japan there was a folk game that can be considered a primitive form of table tennis.
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Ball games were greatly developed during the Renaissance in the cities and villages of Europe, primarily in Italy. In the same place, in Italy, the prototype of modern tennis was born. This game quickly became popular in France and England. First, the ball was thrown over the net with the palm of the hand, then gloves were put on to soften the blow, into which wooden plates were soon sewn in to soften the blow. They were replaced by rackets made of wood, which after a while began to be covered with parchment. And only in the 16th century strings appeared on rackets. The “evolution” of table tennis rackets began in approximately the same way, although this happened much later. And in modern France, to this day, in many villages they play a game similar to tennis, with rackets on which parchment paper is stretched.
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For a long time, tennis had two varieties: one game was played outdoors, the other - indoors, in halls specially arranged for this. In England, lawn tennis has received the greatest development, that is, tennis in nature on grassy grounds. This type of game quickly became popular in Europe, including Russia. And the indoor game was replaced by table tennis, which was developed in England at the end of the 19th century. First, the ball was a champagne cork, then a rubber ball. The rackets were wooden, covered with parchment, with a long handle, often inlaid with gold, ivory, and precious woods. The new game was popular in aristocratic circles, among cricket fans.
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The turning point in the history of the game, according to the first president of the International Table Tennis Federation, Ivor Montagu, was the use of celluloid balls, which in the 90s of the last century, the Englishman D. Gibbs brought from America to play in his family. His friend Jacques, a sports goods dealer, acquired a patent and began to produce tables, rackets, and balls. In England, "ping-pong fever" arose (the game was called "ping-pong", probably due to the characteristic knock from hitting the ball on the racket and table). This game quickly spread in Europe and then all over the world, becoming a popular entertainment in cafes and restaurants. L. Tolstoy was a big fan of ping-pong. Gradually, the rules of the game were determined. At first, the score was kept up to 30, 50 or 100 points. The counting system was unified in 1926. Since that time, the game has been played up to 21 points. At first, in table tennis, serving was made, as in big, overhead. The now accepted method of serving, when the ball is directed primarily to the side of the server, was first found in Hungary, where at that time there were very strong players, among them the most legendary Victor Varna - the record holder for the number of world champion titles.
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The great popularity of this game led to the need to create the International Table Tennis Federation, which was done in 1926. From the same year, world championships began to be held. Their organizers faced the problem of the length of the meetings, as they could last up to 20 hours in total. Ten years later, the International Federation reduced the time of one game to 20 minutes. According to modern rules, a match can last no more than 15 minutes, after which the “13 strikes” rule is introduced. Its essence is as follows: if the receiver accurately returns the ball to the opponent's side 13 times, the server loses a point. The order of serving changes after each point is played.
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Table and table tennis net
The table must be rectangular, length 2.74 m, width 1.525 m, height 76 cm. The table must be in a horizontal position. The table surface may be made of any material, but must be uniform and, if a standard table tennis ball is released from a height of 30 cm above the table, it must bounce 23 cm. The table surface must be matte, black or dark in color. The edges of the table (2 cm wide) must be white. The table should be divided into two equal halves by a vertically standing net. The net is fastened with fasteners at a distance of 15.25 cm from the side line of the table. The net is fastened with fasteners at a distance of 15.25 cm from the side line of the table. The net should rise 15.25 cm above the table. The top edge of the 15 mm wide net should be white. To play in pairs, each half of the table must be divided into two equal halves by a white line 3 mm wide
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Table tennis ball
The ball must be spherical with a diameter of 40 mm (permissible error from 39.50 mm to 40.50 mm) and a mass of 2.7 grams (permissible error from 2.67 g to 2.77 g). The ball must be made of celluloid or similar material. The ball must be matte, white or orange.
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Table tennis rackets
The racket can be of any size, shape, weight, but the base must be flat and solid. At least 85% of the base thickness must be wood. The adhesive layer within the base may be reinforced with a fibrous material such as carbon fiber, glass fiber or pressed paper, but should not be thicker than 7.5% of the total thickness or 0.35 mm. The side of the racket used to hit the ball must be covered either with pimpled rubber with pimples outward and no more than 2 mm thick with a layer of glue with pimpled outward or inward and no more than 4 mm thick with a layer of glue. The layer of pimple rubber can be synthetic or natural with pimples evenly spaced over the entire area.
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RULES OF THE GAME
The meeting begins with a lot "heads" or "tails" (you can guess which hand the ball is in), which determines the right to choose. If you guessed right, you can choose: 1) serving, receiving a serve (in this case, your opponent chooses the side of the table) or a side, then the opponent must choose to serve or receive a serve; 2) to give the opponent the right of the initial choice.
Let's Talk About Serves According to the rules, the ball is put into play with a service that must be delivered from behind the back line of the table or its imaginary continuation. In this case, the ball must be thrown from an open palm, located not lower than the level of the table, to a height not lower than the height of the net so that during the flight it is visible to both the referee (if any) and the player.
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The ball toss angle must be at least 45°. You can only hit a falling ball. It is forbidden to serve (in this case the point will be lost) without tossing the ball, to perform additional steps during this stroke, and also to serve the ball over the table. The serve is replayed if the ball touches the net or its post, but at the same time flew over to the opponent's side. If you tossed the ball, but missed or changed your mind and caught the ball, then the serve is considered lost. From the moment of submission, the point draw begins and continues until one of the opposing sides wins a point. In this case, the ball is interrupted through the net from one side of the table to the other, and the right to serve every 5 points passes to another player. The game continues until one of the players scores 21 points with an advantage of at least 2 points. When the score is 20:20, the pitches are performed by the players in turn and the game continues as long as one of the opponents reaches an advantage of 2 points.
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To win a point A return kick for a point can only be taken after the first bounce of the ball in one's own half of the table. You can reflect the ball with a racket or a hand holding a racket. A point is considered won if the opponent commits one of the following errors: reflecting the ball, does not hit it on the playing surface on the other side of the table; touches the ball with the racket or with the hand holding the racket before the ball hits the table in its half; reflecting the ball, catches it on the racket, and then throws or touches the ball with the racket more than once; touches the ball during a point with any part of the body above the table, with the exception of the hand holding the racket; does not have time to reflect the ball correctly sent to him after the first rebound on his own side and the ball hits several times in his own half; deflects the ball with the racquet released before the stroke or with a non-playing hand (not holding the racquet at the time).
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The draw of a point can be stopped by exclaiming “stop” if random circumstances interfere with you: interference from unauthorized persons, a ball flying from a neighboring table, the lights go out, etc. But if during the game you accidentally stumbled or collided with a partner in a doubles game, then a point in this case is not replayed. But if, during the draw of a point, the ball touched the post or net, but flew to the other side, then it is considered correct, and the game continues. In this case, no character of the rebound of the ball is a reason for a replay. To avoid disputes, know that the ball that fell near the net and flew over it to the other side of the table due to rotation or wind is considered lost for a player who did not have time to reflect it with a racket. In disputed cases, if you cannot reach a decision, the point is replayed.
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Has the game been delayed? According to the rules of the competition, the time of drawing one game is limited to 15 minutes. If the game drags on, then at the end of the time or at the request of the players, the “13 strokes” rule is introduced, which contributes to the acceleration and activation of the game. The essence of this rule is that if the receiver returns the ball accurately 13 times to the opponent's side, then the server loses a point. When this rule is introduced into the game, the order of innings changes after each point is played. The number of strokes is controlled by the counting judge or the player receiving the serve. In this case, the number of hits of the receiver is counted aloud, and after the 13th hit is correctly reflected, the game stops with the exclamation of “stop”. This rule applies when two defensive players or athletes meet who are only looking to play a point, not win.
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The presentation on the topic "Table tennis" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Subject of the project: Social science. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 9 slide(s).
Presentation slides
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1834 London - First rule papers for the game (printed in catalogs under the title Miniature Indoor Lawn Tennis Game). 1880–1990 - in the British catalogs of sports equipment, sets of a new game were presented. 1891 – C. Baxter (patent No. 190070 - rules of the game) and D. Jake (patent No. 157615 - ping-pong game) legitimized the birth of table tennis
The name Ping-Pong comes from the sound of the ball on the table and racket.
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Gradually, ping-pong becomes not just a salon entertainment, but a sports game. In 1891, table tennis received a powerful impetus for development thanks to the engineering thought of James Gibb, who decided to use small hollow colored balls from a children's toy to play ping-pong. The introduction of a light celluloid ball into the game has significantly reduced the weight of the racket. Instead of rackets with strings, plywood rackets with a shortened handle appeared
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They began to use new materials for pasting the playing surface of the racket: cork, parchment, velor, sandpaper, rubber. The ancestor of modern modifications of rackets is considered to be the Englishman E.K. Good, who in 1902, drawing attention to the rubber lining for changing small things, removed the cork from the racket and instead of it on both sides pasted rubber just purchased at the pharmacy. The next day, E. Hood's rivals were surprised: he won one victory after another and won the tournament
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Gambling, entertaining game has captured many cities and countries. Ping-pong was played not only in special rooms, but wherever possible. Once, in one of the English restaurants, having given young aristocrats, armed with cigar box lids, they began to throw wine bottle corks found on the floor
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This game spread by sea quite quickly. So, English sailors, being on a forced vacation in one of the ports of Germany, staged a ping-pong championship. Local youth watched the game with interest, and before the foreign ship had time to give a farewell whistle, table tennis competitions had already begun in the port. Thus, ping-pong spread all over the world.
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In England, ping-pong as a sport was recognized in 1900, when the first London ping-pong championship took place. 300 people took part in the championship. 1901, India - official tournament, which can be considered the first international competition. One of the best players of that time, the Indian athlete Nando, won this tournament.
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Table tennis Completed by: Derbentseva Olga Ivanovna, teacher of physical education, MKOU "Kalmykovskaya secondary school" 2012.
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Purpose: To acquaint students with the history of the game of table tennis, the basic rules and techniques.
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Table tennis is an entertainment that is highly beneficial to health.
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Most experts believe that table tennis originated in England. It is believed that table tennis owes its birth to the rainy English weather. It was impossible to play tennis on wet lawns, and the game was moved indoors. At first they played on the floor. Later, due to the lack of large halls, a game appeared on two tables located at some distance from one another. After a while, the tables were moved, and a net was stretched between them.
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Simple inventory, and most importantly - the small size of the site allowed you to play anywhere. This ensured the wide distribution of the board game, which in a short time became a favorite parlor game in England, and then in other countries of Europe, Asia and Africa. Interestingly, the game was played in strict evening wear: women in long dresses, men in tuxedos and tailcoats.
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In 1874, the English major Walter Clopton from Wingfield developed the rules of a new game, quite close to modern tennis, which he called spheristics. A year later, the rules of the game were improved, and it received a new name lawn tennis, which in English means tennis on the lawn or just tennis.
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The basic rules of table tennis The ball is put into play by serving, it must hit the opponent's side, having previously hit the table in its own half. The serve is carried out alternately by each of the players, five times in a row. The game continues until one of the opponents scores 21 points, the opponent must have at least 2 less. For example, 21:19; if the score is 21:20, then the game continues until the score is 22:20, etc.
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A player may return a kick only after the ball has bounced in his own half. If this condition is not met, the point is lost, it is won by the opponent. Of course, everything that can happen in the game cannot be foreseen. But the basic provisions of the rules must be remembered firmly, like a multiplication table. And one more piece of advice: never turn the game into an empty verbiage because of every point.
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The serve is one of the most important techniques in table tennis.
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There is an infinite number (about 1500) innings. Without a good serve in modern table tennis, there can be no good counting game. Recently, the serve has become such an important attacking technique that you can immediately win a point. The serve not only puts the ball into play, but also makes it difficult for the opponent to start the attack. The course of the point draw largely depends on what kind of serve you serve. The serve is the only hit that does not depend on the partner's actions, because you throw the ball to yourself. The serve technique consists of two parts: tossing the ball and the blow itself. Consider the basic rules for serving.
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Serve "pendulum" with the back of the racket Serve "pendulum" with the palm side of the racket
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Fan feed from the right-hand post Fan feed from the neutral post
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The first thing that is important for us during the serve is the stand. The knees are bent for the ability to quickly move in any direction where the serve goes. The body is slightly tilted forward for the start. Do not allow static, it is better to step from foot to foot and sway - then you get a start on the move. The distance to the table is average, it is easier to go forward than to retreat.
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The second point is observation of the opponent. By his stance, swing, you can understand what kind of blow will be - long or short, fast or slow. It is important to understand the direction of the racket and the place of contact with the ball. If the ball has a lower rotation, it "restrains" its flight, if it has an upper one, then vice versa - it accelerates.
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As a result, we get three main possibilities for receiving a serve: - if the ball jumps into the table with a long or medium, possibly twisted serve, you need to perform a direct attack from the serve or return it with strong rotation. - if the serve is short, it most often has a strong rotation, which means that you need to beat it short and cut it. - short serves very often provide an opportunity to attack, especially if the spin is weak or the ball bounced higher.
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CUTTING This technique is similar to cutting in the form of movement and is used to repel the opponent's strong blows: rolls, finishing blows at medium and long distances from the table. In this case, the ball is given bottom or bottom-side rotation. Undercut provides a reliable reflection of the ball and prevents the opponent from completing the attack. Right cut. Clipping left
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CUTTING Without a cutting, as a rule, not a single game on the account can do. This is one of the main tricks of the game. Even experienced players often use this stroke. To accept a serve, to reflect a short ball or to play short yourself, thereby preventing the opponent from launching an attack - all this is done with the help of a cut. The ball during this stroke is given a downward spin (reverse to the direction of its flight), and it flies more slowly along a low trajectory. The name of this strike apparently comes from the fact that the execution of the movement is similar to the similar movement when we cut something. Cut to the left. The left cut is performed from a stance normally reserved for backhands. The body is slightly turned half-turn to the left and slightly tilted forward. The legs are slightly bent at the knees and spaced shoulder-width apart: the right leg is in front at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the table, the left leg is behind, parallel to the back line of the table. Arms bent at the elbows and in front of the chest
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Cut right. The cut to the right, as well as all strikes with the palm side of the racket, is performed from the right strike stand. In this case, the body is turned half-turn to the right and slightly tilted forward. Sometimes the player stands almost left side to the table. The legs are slightly bent at the knees and spaced shoulder-width apart, the left leg is in front, the right is behind, parallel to the back line of the table. The arms are bent at the elbows, the weight of the body falls on the toes. . Cut right
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Rolling refers to attacking strikes and, like cutting, is considered one of the main techniques of the game. With it, you can not only throw the ball to the other side of the table and perform hits on balls that have both top and bottom rotation. This technique can also be counterattacked in response to a freewheeling attack. In this case, the blow will be called a counter-roll. The use of rolling allows you to diversify the game. Play at a faster pace than cuts, change the direction and strength of the rotation of the ball, which makes it possible to quickly defeat the opponent Nakat on the right. Overrun on the left
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Ways to hold the racket There are two types of grip: the so-called European, when the racket is located horizontally relative to the plane of the table, and Asian, vertical. It is also called the “pen” grip because the racket is held by the fingers in the same way as a pen with a quill when writing.
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Horizontal "European" grip (see figure - a, b). Vertical "Asian" grip (see picture - in
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Stand, push The racket is placed in front of a flying ball. He hit her and flew back. Here is the stand. Well, if you move the racket forward to hit the ball harder, you get a push. However, these attacks also need to be learned. Sometimes they secure a point, so to speak, by the path of least resistance.
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Exercises for mastering the skill of a tennis player: 1. Exercises with jump ropes. Jumping at a fast pace - 3 times for 15 s; 2X 60 s, between jumps, perform two or even three turns with ropes; at an average pace - 2X3 minutes, rotating the ropes back. Tilts, turns with ropes. 2. Exercises with tennis balls (in pairs). Catching and throwing balls with two hands, one hand; standing facing the wall, beat off a series of balls with the game hand (12 - 15 m); throwing balls at the target. 3. Exercises with stuffed balls (weight 1, 3, 5 kg). Throwing the ball from the chest; from behind the head, from below, with their backs to the main direction, simulating a roll on the right, simulating a roll on the left, sitting facing each other (number of throws in 1 minute), in a jump.
The game consists of draws, each of which begins with a serve. Then the servers alternate every two serves. According to modern rules, the game goes up to 11 points. During play, if the ball hits the net and moves to the other half, play continues.
The serve is made according to the following rules: the ball must be thrown vertically upwards from an open palm by at least 16 cm; the server must hit the ball so that it hits once in his own half and at least once in the opponent's half; the serve is considered served as soon as the ball has left the palm of the server; if the ball hits the net while serving, but all other rules were observed, a "re-serve" is declared.
Points are awarded for the following errors: Serving error; the ball hit twice on its own side when serving; the ball hit on its own side after being hit by a racket; the ball was hit twice; the ball hit anything but the racket after bouncing off the table; the ball did not hit the opponent's side after the impact; the ball was hit before it hit the table; the table was moved or the free hand touched the table.
History For the first time the name "Ping-Pong" (table tennis) began to occur since 1901, John Jaques registered the coined name. It came from a combination of two sounds: "ping" the sound made by the ball when it hits the racket, and "pong" when the ball bounces off the table. The name was subsequently sold to the Parker brothers.
Inventory Table and net Tennis table is a special table divided into two halves by a net. Dimensions: length 274 cm, width 152.5 cm, height 76 cm. The playing surface can be of any material and must be divided into two halves by a vertically standing grid
Basics of the game A game consists of rallies, each of which begins with a serve. Then the servers alternate every two serves. According to modern rules, the game goes up to 11 points. In doubles, when the serve is passed, the player who received the ball becomes the server, and the partner of the player who served the ball becomes the receiver. During play, if the ball hits the net and moves to the other half, play continues.
Serving Produced according to the following rules: the ball must be tossed vertically upwards from an open palm at least 16 cm; from the moment of separation from the palm to the collision with the racket, the ball must necessarily be higher than the surface of the table; the server must hit the ball so that it hits once in his own half and at least once in the opponent's half;
The service must be performed in such a way that the receiver can clearly see all the phases of the service; it is impossible to hide the moment of serving with the hand in which the racket is located; the serve is considered served as soon as the ball has left the palm of the server If the ball hits the net while serving, but all other rules were observed, a “re-serve” is called
The ball was hit twice; the ball hit anything but the racket after bouncing off the table; the ball did not hit the opponent's side after the impact; the ball was hit before it hit the table; the table was moved or the free hand touched the table; the ball did not hit the opponent's zone when serving;
Table tennis is a great way to have an energetic pastime for those who prefer serious activities, and for those who hold a racket for the first time in their lives. The athlete sets himself sometimes difficult, but quite achievable goals and complicates them as they are fulfilled. This develops personality, develops a sporting character, eradicates shortcomings. And not always the winner will be the youngest or the strongest. Much depends on skill, skill, dexterity and coordination.
References ing_pong
