Acquisition of apartments 

Profession technical operation. Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles

Based on 9 classes

Maintenance and car repair

The appearance of the first cars dates back to 1870-1880. and is associated with the names of Karl Benz (the founder of the first car with a gasoline internal combustion engine), Gottlieb Daimler and Siegfried Marcus. Of course, the first copies of the automotive industry are very different from today's more advanced cars. However, the operation of even the most high-tech machines and mechanisms is not an eternal process, so there is a need for specialists who will deal not only with repairs, but also with the prevention of breakdowns. A mechanical technician inspects machines, identifies malfunctions of individual blocks, components, parts, repairs and disassembles diesel, trucks and cars, performs fastening work with the replacement of worn parts, assembles critical units and electrical equipment of the car. Checks equipment after repair. Performs all necessary calculations related to trips and cargo transportation.

Working conditions A: Works in garages and outdoors. : interest in technology, practical mindset, observation, good hearing, developed eye, skillful hands, physical endurance, responsibility, organizational skills. Possible places of work: Motor transport and auto repair enterprises and subdivisions, special construction mechanization trusts, mechanized columns. Close and related activities: Auto mechanic, driver, road and agricultural machinery mechanic. Estimated salary: 19,000 - 40,000 rubles.

Technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment (training period 3 years 10 months)

Graduates of this specialty will never be left without work, since the scope of their activities is very wide: from power plants to housing and communal services; from medical institutions to the military-industrial complex; from transport to trade. A good specialist will easily cope with the maintenance of household machines and appliances; setting up, adjusting and checking equipment; diagnostics and control technical condition household appliances. He carries out compliance with the rules for the technical operation of electrical equipment, carrying out standard and certification tests; preparation of defective statements and reporting documentation.

Working conditions: Work in shifts. Professionally important qualities Possible places of work Estimated salary: 17,000 - 48,000 rubles.

pastry chef (profession training period 2 years 10 months and specialty 3 years and 10 months)

“You need to eat to live, not live to eat,” said the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates. But you must admit that food should be enjoyable, tasty and healthy. Scientists have already proven that when eating tasty food, a person receives a hormone of joy - endorphin, which plays a major role in the mechanisms of memory, learning, sleep, and helps to be in a good mood throughout the day. The chef is a professional in cooking gourmet food, he knows a huge number of dishes from different national cuisines, he knows how to turn any food into a masterpiece.

Operating conditions: Works as part of a team or individually indoors, in high temperature conditions. Working hours according to the company's schedule. Professionally important qualities: Good long-term memory; volumetric and linear eye; good visual-motor coordination; subtle sense of time; high sensitivity to shades of smell and taste; reproducing imagination (the ability, looking at a recipe, to imagine appearance and taste of the dish) aesthetic taste. Estimated salary: 8,000 - 25,000 rubles.

Locksmith for instrumentation and automation

Mankind invents and puts on the conveyor a huge amount of technology every year. Equipment in manufacturing, utilities, transport, construction, and even at home can be quite difficult to operate. For an ordinary washing machine, an instruction manual is required for several dozen pages, to say nothing of complex multifunctional production equipment! Many industries use entire systems of machines with sophisticated automation that only a professional can set up. Such a professional is a mechanic for instrumentation and automation - a specialist in the installation of instruments and electrical circuits of various automation systems.

He performs not only electrical and radio installation work, installation of devices and electrical circuits of various automation systems, but also carries out the adjustment of electrical circuits and testing of electronic devices with the removal of characteristics. He studies the principles and mode of operation of electronic equipment devices used in automation systems, masters the technology of assembling equipment blocks of any complexity, methods for calculating various elements and control devices. He studies and puts into practice technical, technological and operational documentation, conducts tests of electronic measuring instruments.

Operating conditions: At industrial enterprises, workshops for the repair of radio equipment. Professionally important qualities: Good coordination of movements, accurate eye measurement, color discrimination, spatial imagination, ability for long-term painstaking work. Estimated salary 14,000 - 45,000 rubles.

Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment (training period 2 years 10 months)

Graduates of this profession will never be left without work, since the scope of their activities is very wide: from power plants to housing and communal services; from medical institutions to the military-industrial complex; from transport to trade. A good specialist will easily cope with the maintenance of household machines and appliances; setting up, adjusting and checking equipment; diagnostics and control of the technical condition of household appliances. He carries out compliance with the rules for the technical operation of electrical equipment, carrying out standard and certification tests; preparation of defective statements and reporting documentation.

Working conditions: Work in shifts. Professionally important qualities: interest in technology, skillful hands, developed visual memory and eye, concentration of attention, composure, precise coordination of hands, responsibility, accuracy, ability to get along with people. Possible places of work: factories, design bureaus. Close and related activities: electrician, fitter, electrical technician, technician of design departments and bureaus. Estimated salary: 17,000 - 28,000 rubles.

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This article is devoted to such an interesting, but also complex field of activity as subways and Russian Railways, namely the specialization "Technical operation railways". Let's talk about what kind of profession it is, where you can work. Let's share other information.

After what grade of school do they take?

Immediately, we note that this specialty is generalized, and it exists only in railway technical schools and colleges. And the institutions are already completely different, or rather, narrow-profile. Look: for example, the university has the specialties "Locomotives", "Wagons", "Organization of transportation by railway transport" and others. See? Everything is separate. Even the study of locomotives at different faculties has dissimilar disciplines, types of cars, locomotives. And the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" is, as it were, a simplified and generalized version.

You can enroll after 9th grade. Or you can even go to study, even if you have a higher education (naturally, in another industry). Teaching in the daytime, evening and part-time departments. So, if there is an acute desire to leave, for example, from the food sector to the railway sector, then they will accept it without hindrance. It is necessary to pass, in addition to dictation, physics and mathematics.

Is it really necessary to have an education on the railroad?

There is an increasing demand for specialists higher education, despite the fact that there are far fewer engineering positions than usual. It is for such "ordinary" positions that people with a legal or zoological education are hired. Let's not talk about those who were hired to work in Russian Railways or in the metro. Let it not be about us. Believe me, this area requires knowledge of the profile. Imagine that the same railway worker will be put in a pharmacy behind the counter to sell medicines. Does he know much? No. So it is in the field of transport: you need to understand at least the very basics. This will help the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways", which is designed for workers of different professions.

Let's use an example to explain why education is needed here. Imagine that you have been hired to do various operations with locomotives. The worker needs to determine at some point in time what category the malfunction can be attributed to, so that the repair crews can know what to prepare for and what to fix. An illiterate operator can choose a completely different category, which will lead to problems for all workers associated with the repair. The operator will receive a reprimand or lose the bonus. And this is just one example.

What positions?

Now let's see what can be offered to a graduate of a railway technical school with the qualification "Technical operation of rolling stock of railways." What is the job of such a person? Keep in mind that many positions will require a medical examination, as the transport sector is a hazardous industry.

So, now about positions. To be more precise, at first we will divide into various enterprises, services. As you know, there is a subway. It's all one area, one industry. In the subway, you can work in an electric depot with rolling stock, either in a repair shop or in an operation shop.

At Russian Railways, the division is not divided into workshops, but into structural divisions. Therefore, choose in advance: for operation or for repair. If there is a desire to work at the plant, then definitely - repair.

So let's consider:

  • exploitation: decoding of tapes, computer operator, contractor, line operator;
  • repair: locksmith, technician, defectoscopist, inspector, compiler of wagons.

Conductors and drivers

Maybe someone will ask now: "But what about the machinists, conductors? Why haven't they been reminded of them?" And they didn’t remind me because they have their own courses. There are courses for assistant drivers, conductors. Drivers are trained only after they have been assistants for the required amount of time, for example, 2 years. Conductors have their own courses.

By the way, it should be noted that in railway colleges they study to become an assistant driver (of electric trains, for example). It is completely optional to study them at the courses "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways". During the training, all students learn theory, do laboratory work and go to practice.

Is it worth going?

Remember, if you have serious health problems: poor hearing, inattention, absent-mindedness, limited movement, neurological diseases, very poor eyesight, a sick heart, weak blood vessels and a problem with pressure, then it is better to give up your idea. The profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways" requires the employee to be attentive and in good health. You can, of course, for the sake of interest, get an education and be a railway worker only with a diploma, no one will forbid. But it will be necessary to pass the practice (a medical examination is not needed, unless you are going to immediately go on a flight as an assistant driver or conductor).

Here are some of the points related to the profession "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways." Any nuances can arise only during the selection of a position or already in the process of work. The salary of a technician with such a profession is small, and the responsibility and psycho-emotional (or physical) load are large.

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Name of the profession (specialty), 140448 "Technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment"

Awarded qualification - technician

Additional working profession - electrician, radio telemechanic

Duration of study (considering basic education)– on the basis of 11 classes - 2 years 10 months, admission based on the results of the Unified State Examination (Russian language and mathematics)

Description of the profession (specialty)

The uniqueness of the specialty "Technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment" lies in the fact that its graduates are in demand everywhere and always. In the world there is not a single production, not a single residential facility, wherever electric energy is used, whether it is the production of electric motors, wires and cables, as well as the entire service sector - hospitals, educational institutions, dry cleaners, hairdressers, banks and all residential sector. The advantage of this specialty is that graduates can work in service centers for the repair of household appliances, repair and installation of refrigeration equipment, air conditioners, ventilation and alarm systems, sales managers in shopping centers.

Characteristics of the specialist's activity

Personal qualities

Developed technical thinking, quick reaction, good vision with correct light perception, accuracy, attentiveness, organizational and communication skills.

Students of this specialty study:

principles of operation and arrangement of electrical installations, electrical equipment

basics of electric drive

electrical machines and apparatus

computer and electronic equipment

industry power supply

industry management and economics

The principle of operation, installation and repair of household appliances, refrigeration equipment and air conditioners

principle of operation, arrangement and repair of transformers and transformer substations

adjusting, adjusting and checking electrical and electromechanical equipment;

diagnostics and control of the technical condition of household appliances;

· Ability to read and write electrical schematics

· Gain hands-on experience in repairing and adjusting electrical equipment

gain skills in designing power supply schemes, choosing electrical equipment and developing electric drive control systems

study the elementary base of electronics and modern schemes for the creation of automated production systems

· gain practical skills in diagnostics and repair of household appliances, refrigeration equipment and air conditioners.

Qualification characteristics of a graduate of this specialty, sales managers of electrical and electromechanical equipment, electricians for the installation and operation of alarms.

The graduate must be ready for professional work as a technician for the technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment at enterprises (in organizations), regardless of their organizational and legal forms.

The technician must have general competencies that include the ability to:

1. Understand the essence and social significance of your future profession show a sustained interest in it.

2. Organize their own activities, choose typical methods and methods for performing professional tasks, evaluate their effectiveness and quality.

3. Make decisions in standard and non-standard situations and bear responsibility for them.

4. To search for and use the information necessary for the effective implementation of professional tasks, professional and personal development.

6. Work in a team and team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, consumers.

7. Take responsibility for the work of team members (subordinates), the result of completing tasks.

8. Independently determine the tasks of professional and personal development, engage in self-education, consciously plan advanced training.

9. Navigate in the face of frequent technology changes in professional activities.

10. Perform military duty, including with the application of acquired professional knowledge (for young men).

The technician must have professional competencies corresponding to the main types of professional activity:

1. Organization of maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

2. Perform adjustment, adjustment and testing of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

3. Organize and perform maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

4. Carry out diagnostics and technical control during the operation of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

5. Draw up reporting documentation for the maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

7. Organize and perform work on the operation, maintenance and repair of household appliances.

8. Carry out diagnostics and control of the technical condition of household appliances.

9. Predict failures, determine resources, detect defects in electrical appliances.

10. Organization of activities of the production unit.

11. Participate in the planning of the work of the personnel of the production unit.

12. Organize the work of a team of performers.

13. Analyze the results of the performance of the team of performers.

Employment prospects

Graduates of this specialty can work at any enterprises of various forms of ownership, and, in accordance with the training, they can carry out production-technological and production-management activities. A technician with a degree in maintenance and service of electrical and electromechanical equipment can open an electrical and electromechanical equipment repair shop, a service center for the repair of electrical appliances, refrigeration equipment and air conditioning installation. It is also possible to work in a similar specialty of an electrician, electrician, fitter, repairman of electrical household appliances, repairman and adjustment of television, video equipment, production foreman at an enterprise, in an educational institution.


Demand and prospects

With the intensified growth of liberal arts graduates, professional technicians are needed now more than ever. Almost every specialist will be able to find a job in the first month after graduation. The profession of a technician is one of the most highly demanded.

Graduates of this specialty are in demand in the labor market. Today, the range of responsibilities of these specialists has expanded, and the tasks that need to be performed have become more complicated, if earlier knowledge of primitive circuits and devices was quite enough, today advanced technologies require constant improvement and “updating” of technical information. The safety and efficiency of all industries, private companies, offices, residential facilities depend on the masters of their craft.

Is it easy to get a job

Usually a technician is employed even before graduation. After all, every student is required to undergo an internship. It is on it that the owners of enterprises and heads of workshops often offer young professionals to find a job with them. Given the dynamics of development of these enterprises, there are always vacancies. For employment, it is enough to pass an interview and provide your diploma.

Level of the educational program: Middle-Level Specialist Training Program

Form of study: full-time

Awarded qualification: Technician

Type of educational program: Main

Normative period of education: 3 years 10 months

Language in which training is provided: Russian

Direction of preparation: Electricity and heat power engineering

Modern life is unthinkable without electrical energy. Millions of people in Everyday life- at work and at home - they deal with electrical devices and equipment. Its uninterrupted operation is ensured by a specialist in the technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment. No industry can do without such specialists.

Aviation or shipbuilding, metallurgy or the military-industrial complex, mining, utilities or social services will not be able to provide services if there is no electricity or broken equipment. An electrical technician, using the readings of measuring instruments, will quickly determine the node where the malfunction occurred, turn it off from the network, disassemble and fix the problem, turn it on and achieve normal operation. The specialist will organize and carry out maintenance, repair and testing of electrical and electromechanical equipment. It requires subtle observation, composure, clarity of thought.

An electrical technician must be able to do a lot with his own hands, own a wide variety of tools and devices. Today, a good electrical technician is also an electronics specialist. The operation of electrical substations, power lines, repair of electrical machines, electrical equipment of transport devices, which include cranes, elevators, maintenance of relay protection equipment and automation systems, depends on it.

A modern specialist in the technical operation and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment must know the structure and principle of operation of electrical equipment, be able to read drawings and diagrams, understand technical documentation, perform various technical calculations, and much more. This specialty requires the utmost composure, absolute attention, balance, composure, high personal discipline and personal responsibility and is suitable for those who want to realize the dream of a real man's work, who are interested in the creative nature of work.

Forms of mastering the main professional educational program in the specialty:

  • full-time;

Normative term for mastering the main professional educational program

  • on the basis of basic general education (9 classes) - 3 years 10 months.

Graduate Qualification - technician

The technician prepares for the following activities:

Organization of maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical equipment.

Maintenance of household machines and appliances.

Organization of activities of the production unit.

Performance of work in one or more professions of workers, positions of employees.

Purpose of the specialty:

A qualified specialist organizes the maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical equipment; performs service maintenance household machines and appliances; organizes the activities of the production unit; performs work in one or more professions of workers, positions of employees; participates in the modernization of industrial electrical and electromechanical equipment.

Must know:

Technical parameters, characteristics and features of various types of electrical machines,

Main characteristics and principle of construction of automatic control systems for electrical and electromechanical equipment,

Methods and equipment for diagnosing and monitoring the technical condition of electrical and electromechanical equipment and household appliances,

Advanced technologies for the repair of household appliances.

Should be able to:

Perform adjustment, adjustment and inspection, diagnostics, maintenance and repair of electrical and electromechanical
equipment and household appliances,

Maintain records of all types of work

organize work,

Analyze the results of the work of the team of performers,

Participate in the design and manufacture, testing of new electrical and electromechanical equipment,

To perform work in one or more working professions or positions of employees,

Observe the ethics of business communication in the team and when working with clients.

Advantages of the specialty:

  • sustained high demand for qualified specialists;
  • a variety of specializations within the specialty, the ability to choose the most suitable, interesting work;
  • high profit payment.

Upon graduation, you will be able to work in the following companies:

  • Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant;
  • Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant;
  • Chelyabinsk Forge and Press Plant;
  • PJSC Uralskaya Kuznitsa, etc.

Intellectual abilities:

  • chemistry,
  • physics,
  • mathematics,
  • drawing.

Creative skills:

  • creativity

To be successful as a production technician, you must have the following professionally important qualities:

Technical mindset;

Developed attention;

Ability to make decisions;

Ability to solve non-standard tasks;

Professionally important qualities:

  • drawing skills,
  • good eyeball,
  • good coordination of both hands,

Psychological features.