Production of photomasks for printed circuit boards to order. PCB manufacturing
The work of the stencil laser cutting unit during the New Year holidays:
In 2014-2015, orders will be shipped until 30/12/2014 inclusive. During all public holidays Orders can be sent to email, and through the order service around the clock. Mail will be checked by us. Orders will be processed and, as accumulated, will be manufactured and shipped immediately on the first post-holiday days (starting from 12/01/2015).
In 2013, orders will be shipped until 30/12/2013 inclusive. During all holidays, orders can be sent both by e-mail and through the order service around the clock. As they accumulate, they will be manufactured and sent on the first post-holiday days (09-10/01/2014).
A new steel thickness has become available for order - 0.180mm. Recommended for adhesive stencils and various details.
A new steel thickness has become available for order - 0.250mm. Recommended for adhesive stencils and various details.
Also, the previously ended thicknesses of 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm were received at the warehouse. All thicknesses are currently in stock.
We are announcing the launch of our new subdivision PRONTO5 (www.pronto5.ru).
The division is engaged in urgent production of single batches of parts. Production is carried out by milling from metals and plastics.
PRONTO5 is equipped with a powerful 5-axis vertical milling machining center and a high-precision gantry coordinate measuring machine.
More information about our capabilities can be found on our website www.pronto5.ru
The "Laser-Stencil" subdivision of the "Taberu" company was the first in Russia to master the production of multi-level stencils with variable material thickness!
"Laser-Stencil" produces multi-level stencils both with a decrease (Step-Down Stencil) and with an increase in material thickness (Step-Up Stencil). At present, the technology for the production of two, three and four-level stencils has been developed.
A multi-level stencil provides a unique opportunity to apply a different amount of paste in one pass of the squeegee through apertures of the same size. This is especially valuable when assembling assemblies that use components with different paste quantities.
Advantages of multi-level stencils:
All stencils at the enterprise are produced on German LPKF equipment in accordance with IPC recommendations.
A full electropolishing of the stencil is available as a separate option, making it easier for the solder paste to pass through the apertures.
The edge of the stencil is reinforced by resistance welding of additional strips of 0.2 mm material in the area of the perforation apertures.
- Allows you to reduce the likelihood of perforation breakthrough for stencils made of thin materials (from 0.1 mm or less).
- Increases the rigidity of the stencil for twisting
- Makes the stencil safer to use by dulling the sharp edge
We are pleased to announce that despite the abnormal weather conditions, we are lifting restrictions on the production of printed circuit boards with terms of 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Temporarily boards will be manufactured without electrical testing, but with 100% automatic optical control.
A new thickness has appeared in our range of materials - 0.120mm.
In addition, thicknesses of 0.08mm and 0.100mm are available, which were temporarily out of production.
We are pleased to offer new service when ordering stencils for mounting.
When ordering electropolishing, ultrasonic polishing is performed free of charge
stencil cleaning in a special active solution that eliminates the smallest
laser cutting defects.
Through the action of powerful ultrasound, the solution penetrates
into all holes of the stencil and cleans them from the remnants of small metal particles and
dross that occurs during laser cutting.
A special active solution acts on the stencil steel itself, forcing
smooth out all small irregularities on the surface of the stencil and, most importantly,
on the inner walls of the apertures.
The cleaning procedure used is different from conventional ultrasonic washing
stencil with cleaning solvents used when washing stencils, since
an active solution is used that acts on the stencil steel itself.
This operation is performed only once, during the final electropolishing
stencil.
The use of ultrasonic cleaning, together with the electropolishing of the stencil
allows:
- Improve the throughput of the solder paste stencil.
Paste prints are clearer. As a result, the time is reduced
screen printing and increases the operating time of the stencil between cycles
washes.
Printed circuit boards are the electronic heart of any modern gadget. It is a plate made of a dielectric with electrically conductive circuits deposited on the surface of this plate, or embedded inside it. With the help of printed circuit boards, all electronic components are connected to each other. To do this, the outputs of the components are soldered to the board to the mounting pads or holes, and due to the pattern of electrically conductive circuits, the components interact with each other.
Usually, the conductive pattern on the board is made of foil, and the base itself - the dielectric plate - is made of fiberglass, getinax. Printed circuit boards are divided into single-sided OPP (foil on one side), double-sided DPP (foil on both sides), multilayer MPP (obtained by gluing several OPP or DPP together, in such a way that several conductive layers with their own pattern are placed inside the dielectric plate) . OPPs are in the greatest demand due to ease of manufacture and wide application possibilities. DPP is used less frequently, since their production is several times more expensive, and the efficiency, compared to OPP, is not so high. MPP is used in expensive and compact devices; it is practically not used in everyday life and small-scale production.
Printed Circuit Boards: Base-Dielectric Categories
All sheet materials from which printed circuit boards are made are marked with an alphanumeric index FR(flame resistant, resistance to ignition). The numbers from 1 to 5, after the letters, indicate the quality of the material.
FR-1, FR-2, FR-3- paper impregnated with epoxy special compositions. FR-4, FR-5- fiberglass and epoxy composite. In practice, FR-1, due to low performance and fear of moisture, is not used. However, it is extremely cheap, it is often used in the manufacture of working PCB prototypes with little life cycle. FR-2 is an inexpensive, reliable and high-quality dielectric; boards made of this material are widely used in the manufacture household appliances and large-scale production of printed circuit boards. FR-4 is used in the manufacture of industrial equipment and small-scale (piece) production of PP.
Printed circuit boards: manufacturing methods
The principal methods of manufacturing printed circuit boards can be divided into two large types - additive (from the Latin additio- addition) and subtractive (from the Latin subtratio- taking away). In the first case, an electrically conductive pattern is formed on the basis of the future printed circuit board in various ways (usually by chemical means) through a special mask. In the second case, sheet foil is applied to the dielectric plate, then, a mask of the future circuit is formed on top and unnecessary sections of the foil are removed using various methods (laser, chemical etching, mechanical removal).
AT industrial production usually use a combination of methods. Thus, minimization of the cost of manufacturing printed circuit boards is achieved. Also, with the progress in the use of laser technology, industrial laser prototyping machines have begun to be used more and more.
But, whatever setting is chosen for the organization own business, all of them are highly automated and human participation in the process of manufacturing printed circuit boards is reduced to monitoring the parameters of the installation and their timely correction.
Post-processing is the same for boards manufactured in any way - this is an electrical test (checking all contact pads and a pattern for conductance), applying a solder mask and marking.
To expand your business, you can master the assembly supervision of components on printed circuit boards and the production of technical documentation, which allows customers to receive a fully finished product.
We open the production of printed circuit boards: business organization, necessary equipment
The minimum area for opening a production or workshop for the manufacture of printed circuit boards is 80 m², excluding storage space. Most equipment requires a three-phase 380V power supply, and chemical equipment where active solutions are drained requires the use of special sewage drains. Therefore, it is more expedient to open such production in industrial clusters or zones.
General list of requirements for industrial premises:
- Power lines (220 and 380V),
- industrial hood,
- Supply and distribution of compressed air,
- Water supply (general drainage (city), water demineralization plant for preparation of active solutions),
- Sewer drain for industrial waste.
As a rule, a set of industrial equipment, arranged in the right way with periodic maintenance Maintenance according to the regulations, it is able to work in two shifts without failures for ~10 years.
Industrial equipment for printing production includes:
- Machining area. Installations for cutting, drilling, pinning, CNC milling machines. Preparation of dielectric sheets.
- Press area. Production of foil coating, pressing of multilayer printed circuit boards.
- Wet process area. Production and installation of electrically conductive circuits on a dielectric sheet. Installations for chemical cleaning, oxidation, copper plating, development, galvanization, etc.
- Applying the finish coat. Preliminary and final cleaning of boards (mechanical and ultrasonic methods), hot tinning, etc.
- Yellow room. Exposure and lamination of printed circuit boards.
- Quality control area.
- Marking area.
The minimum cost of organizing such a production on a turnkey basis is from 350 thousand rubles (initial equipment) to 30 million rubles (diversified equipment). It is also necessary to allocate 600,000 rubles for raw materials for initial production - the bases of circuit boards, chemical solutions, foil, copper, and so on.
The choice of a set of equipment depends on many parameters of the production itself, as well as on the planned volume and satisfaction of demand. Low-volume production requires low-cost equipment that can meet the demand for quick and short-term execution of simple orders. The quality and accuracy of boards produced on such equipment will satisfy ordinary or private customers who need no more than 500 boards per year.
It is also possible to organize an enterprise that will work according to the scheme contract manufacturing(mass production of printed circuit boards for a large customer in compliance with the technological cycle and quality control by the customer). Of course, such production requires significant capital investments, since the participation of a business in this niche requires a bright competitive difference, primarily from the southeastern sector of the market (Taiwan, China, India, etc.), therefore, the equipment must be expensive and upscale. The professionalism of personnel in Russia, which is also a specific advantage, is guaranteed to us by a high degree of training of specialists in local universities of radio electronics. Consequently, contract manufacturing of printed circuit boards, with the availability of specialists and good equipment, this is not a fantasy, but quite ready business plan for such an enterprise. After all, the world volume of contract manufacturing exceeds $40 billion a year, and there is no clear leader in this industry. Enterprises both in China and in Europe function equally effectively. This is due not only to the unification of production, but also to the quality of workmanship. Therefore, Russian enterprises organized under contract manufacturing have every chance to successfully join and operate in this niche.
Personnel and other aspects of this business
The main thing when organizing such a business is a clear knowledge and understanding of the processes. Without knowledge, participation in this business is possible only in the form of co-investment. And no article with business ideas will change the situation. Therefore, it is assumed that the organizer knows all the features and subtleties, understands what equipment he needs, as well as what specialists are needed at the enterprise.
In a workshop specializing in small-scale production, 4 general-purpose operators will be enough to monitor the production of printed circuit boards. A quality control specialist and a production manager are also needed. Handymen-loaders, accountants, marketers, secretaries and cleaners can be contracted as needed.
Business expansion is possible through the organization of subsidiaries of electronics and electronic devices, where the need for printed circuit boards will satisfy the main production.
- tutorial
Or how to get a board designed without getting up from your computer and using chemicals, iron or UV light.
How to get the board you designed without getting up from your computer, using only a mouse and keyboard. Getting paid without chemicals, solvents, irons, UV lamps, films, and harmful fumes - isn't that wonderful?
Many novice radio amateurs do not order boards at the factory, but make them at home. If the task is to make one single board, then this decision is justified, but if you need to make 5, 10, 20 boards? Or are you unable to do the etching process because your significant other does not allow you to set up a miniature laboratory at home? Or someone is interested in your board / device, and you want to sell it? - after all, the board made at the factory looks much more beautiful and more solid - with a mask and silk-screen printing.
In this post, I would like to explain how to order a board from the factory, what to pay attention to and give some recommendations for PCB design.
Step by step instructions with comments
First thing
First of all, you need to decide on the plant that will produce your printed circuit boards and find out the manufacturer's technological standards.Common parameters
To properly prepare boards, you need to know the minimum conductor/gap thickness, the minimum and maximum via diameters, minimum size contact area of the plated hole, the distance from the edge of the board to the elements. In theory, this is the minimum you need to know in order to properly lay out the printed circuit board. This list only sounds so intimidating, in fact, you will remember more than half of it after the first divorced board.
PCB categories
Laminated materials from which printed circuit boards are made are designated by the indexes FR (flame resistant, resistance to ignition). FR-1 is the worst, FR-5 is the best.FR-1, FR-2, FR-3 are paper impregnated with special solutions; Category FR-1 boards are highly hygroscopic, so never use category FR-1 printed circuit boards.
FR-4, FR-5 - fiberglass with epoxy composition.
FR-4 is often used in the manufacture of industrial equipment, while FR-2 is used in the manufacture of household appliances. These two categories are industry standardized, FR-2 and FR-4 boards are suitable for most applications. If you are not looking for an ultra-low price, then I recommend using the FR-4.
Copper foil thickness
I would like to pay special attention to the thickness of the copper foil, all of the above parameters directly depend on this parameter. Standard thickness - 18 and 35 microns.18 µm is used for digital electronics, in which there are no high currents, and there are high requirements to the minimum thickness of the tracks, and 35 microns is used in boards, along the tracks (buses) of which a large current flows, and the cross section, that is, the width of the track (bus), must be taken into account. As an example: high power audio amplifiers, circuits switching 220 volts with a decent current (5 or 10 A, where, due to the required clearance, it is difficult to make a wide - with a large cross section, conductive bus)
At the same time, small digital elements - microcontrollers, FPGAs, and so on, can easily be located on a board with a thickness of 35 microns.
For 35 µm, the minimum gap/track width of 0.24 mm is not very large, but for 18 µm, the minimum gap/track width is 0.1 mm.
Non-standard thickness - 70 microns and / or 105 (100) microns - is used on purely power boards. Due to the 0.31mm gap, you cannot place many surface microcircuits on such a board, for example, atmega in a QFT package, but you can place output elements without any problems. And at the same current on a board with 105 microns, the track width will be 3 times smaller than on a board with 35 microns.
The main rule that I would recommend using is to take the maximum allowable thickness. But don't sacrifice components, I always order 35 µm because of the use of surface ICs. The layout of any board begins with determining the overall dimensions of the board - they are determined by the case, or mount, or "free space" in which your board will stand.
Use land and power polygons, the larger the polygon, the better, if possible and necessary, separate analog and digital polygons. If you plan that someday, under any circumstances, your board may be assembled not manually, but automatically, then use not solid polygons, but mesh ones, use solid ones only to shield certain places on the board. 
For PCBs with more than four layers, it is a general rule to place the high speed signal traces between the ground and power planes, and leave the low frequency traces to the outer layers. Sometimes audio enthusiasts make two ground polygons on both sides of the board for shielding, if the price is not an issue, then this is a completely justified step.
Try to place the measuring and power elements as far as possible, try to shield the measuring elements. An example of power elements that are the main sources of electrical and magnetic noise are breakers, transformers, motors, thyristors, triacs, relays, etc.
Breadboard, experiment - try to simulate all the difficult moments on a computer_or collect on breadboards, a proven solution is a reliable solution.
Make 3D versions of your boards, many modern editors allow it, this will help you to imagine how your product will look like before it is assembled, and in this way, it will be possible to check if your board with components fits in the case of your choice.
Your board is ready, it's time to send
Any manufacturer has its own requirements for the data format in which you send them files. Many factories that specialize in pilot batches (a batch is produced in small quantities before production starts to verify the correct wiring, testing, certification and demonstrations, in our case, just for work), began to accept boards in development project files. But this is still rare, and it’s risky to give your entire project to someone on the side, for this reason I recommend giving the files and the drilling file to the Gerber factory.For convenience, I recommend the CAM350 program, which combines files, and at the output you don’t have a whole folder with a bunch of files, but only 1 file with all layers and drilling.
Sending the board
The next step is to fill out an order form and/or write an explanatory note to your board, where you must specify the material, material thickness, foil thickness, number of layers, the presence of a mask, silkscreen, board file name.At many factories, the order form is standard, for example, "Rezonit". You also need to specify the payment method. They can send it to you by mail, or by courier to your home. For example, at "Resonit" the boards are made within 3 days, after 1-2 days they are in St. Petersburg and on this or the next day they are with you, in total 5-6 days. Ordered over the weekend, received next weekend.
Bill payment
Most factories issue invoices that can be paid at the Savings Bank. Some, like the above-mentioned "Rezonit", made it possible to pay via the Internet, there are payment options via bank card or Yandex money.Mini Bonus
When ordering urgent production, the factory makes a small number of boards. Sometimes on a PCB sheet used by the plant. There is still a place for your board, and other boards are placed there, for example, by ordering 10 boards, you can get 12 - an additional 2 for free, but I would like to clarify that this does not always happen and you should not count on it.P.s.
I would like to apologize in advance if the article contains errors or inaccuracies. Write to me personally, I will try to fix everything as quickly as possible.Update: Found useful material for beginner developers -
Single and double sided printed circuit boards| PP type | Training | up to 20 dm² | up to 50 dm² | up to 100 dm² | up to 200 dm² | over 200 dm² |
| OPP | 950,00 | 155,00 | 140,00 | 125,00 | 120,00 | 115,00 |
| OPP+M | 1 300,00 | 180,00 | 165,00 | 140,00 | 130,00 | 125,00 |
| OPP+M+Sh | 1 600,00 | 195,00 | 175,00 | 150,00 | 135,00 | 130,00 |
| AL OPP | 1 600,00 | 280,00 | 250,00 | 200,00 | 185,00 | 175,00 |
| DPP | 1 400,00 | 190,00 | 175,00 | 155,00 | 145,00 | 140,00 |
| DPP+M | 1 900,00 | 235,00 | 210,00 | 175,00 | 165,00 | 160,00 |
| DPP+M+Sh | 2 300,00 | 245,00 | 230,00 | 185,00 | 175,00 | 165,00 |
| DPP+M+2SH | 2 600,00 | 265,00 | 240,00 | 195,00 | 180,00 | 170,00 |
Production time:
- Urgent - from 2 working days (K = 2.0)
- Superexpress - from 1 working day (K = 3.0)
- Standard - 14 business days
Multilayer printed circuit boards
| PP type | Training | up to 20 dm² | up to 50 dm² | up to 100 dm² | up to 200 dm² | over 200 dm² |
| 4PP | 3 000,00 | 470,00 | 400,00 | 330,00 | 270,00 | 260,00 |
| 6PP | 3 700,00 | 640,00 | 500,00 | 445,00 | 395,00 | 385,00 |
| 8PP | 4 400,00 | 820,00 | 670,00 | 600,00 | 520,00 | 505,00 |
| 10PP | 5 500,00 | 1 090,00 | 935,00 | 845,00 | 780,00 | 760,00 |
| 12PP | 6 100,00 | 1 320,00 | 1 150,00 | 1 000,00 | 905,00 | 875,00 |
| 14PP | 6 700,00 | 1 545,00 | 1 350,00 | 1 180,00 | 1 070,00 | 1 020,00 |
| 16PP | 7 300,00 | 1 780,00 | 1 575,00 | 1 380,00 | 1 250,00 | 1 180,00 |
| 18PP or more | on request | |||||
Prices are indicated in rubles including VAT for standard production times, valid from 01/21/2019.
Production time:
- Urgent - from 5 working days (K = 2.0)
- Superexpress - from 3 working days (K = 3.0)
- Standard - 18 working days
The multiplying factor (K) is applied to the cost of dm2.
Attention:
- the day the order is received and the time for delivery are not taken into account in the production time
- electrical testing, non-standard materials, immersion finishes increase production time (only for urgent orders)
- the minimum order in the presence of non-standard parameters is one standard technological blank (~ 8dm² for OPP / DPP, ~ 4dm² for MPP). Non-standard parameters include non-standard material type and thickness, non-standard thickness of copper foil, non-standard mask color, MPP with non-standard structure, etc.
- orders of printed circuit boards up to 20 dm², carried out at an urgent / super urgent rate, are automatically put into production before payment is received, unless otherwise indicated in your written application. All other orders are put into production after 100% payment.
Additionally paid:
Finish coat
A multiplying coefficient for urgency is applied. Prices are indicated in rubles including VAT.
Non-standard printed circuit boards (on request)
Materials are available in our warehouse.Boards of increased complexity
Coefficient = 1.5 to the cost of preparation and dm2:Additional services
| electrical testing | OPP and DPP up to 5 accuracy class RUB 40.00/dm² for MPP and boards of increased complexity included in the price |
| Lamella coating | Au - 0.30 rub./mm², Ni - 0.05 rub./mm² |
| Machining of piece printed circuit boards with an area of less than 0.3 dm² | less than 0.05 dm² (minimum 0.0025 dm²): factor = 4 from 0.05 to 0.1 dm²: factor = 2 from 0.1 to 0.2 dm²: factor = 1.5 from 0.2 to 0.3 dm²: factor = 1.2 |
| Printed circuit boards with high drilling density, complex and time-consuming milling, with deviations from the standard technological map | on request |
| Production of printed circuit board kits | factor = 1.2 |
| Inadmissibility of defective boards on the panel (No X-out) | ratio = 1.1 |
| Inadmissibility of repair on printed circuit boards | factor = 1.2 |
| Combining various printed circuit boards into a set. | on request |
| Work with Design Documentation (CD for ESKD) and other documents in addition to the order card | on request |
Non-standard materials
Special abilities
Delivery
- in Moscow and St. Petersburg - 450 rub.
- to any region of Russia depends on the selected transport company, the distance of the addressee and the weight of the cargo
Large batches of printed circuit boards
| PP type | Training | Cost per dm² | ||
| OPP+M | 50,00 | 2,20 | 2,00 | on request |
| DPP+M | 100,00 | 2,60 | 2,50 | on request |
| 4PP | 200,00 | 5,80 | 4,20 | on request |
| 6PP | 300,00 | 7,00 | 5,80 | on request |
| 8PP | 400,00 | 8,00 | 7,10 | on request |
* prices are indicated in USD in view of VAT.
1 c.u. is equal to the US dollar at the exchange rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the day of invoicing.
Production time - from 3 weeks.
Additionally paid:
- Making a stamp
- Making an adapter for electrotest
- Non-standard finishes
- Non-standard fiberglass thickness
- Custom copper foil thickness
- Boards on non-standard materials
- Printed circuit boards of increased complexity
- MPP with a non-standard structure, with blind and hidden transitions
Prices for large series of PCBs over 500 dm2, as well as prices for PCBs with a metal base, are available on request.
Contract manufacturing
Installation time
| Rate | Surface or output |
Surface + output |
raising coefficient |
| standard | from 6 working days | from 12 working days | No |
| urgent | from 3 working days | from 6 working days | 1,5 |
| super urgent | from 2 working days | from 4 working days | 2,0 |
*day of receipt of the order and time for delivery are not taken into account in the production time
Assembly of prototypes and medium series
Preparation for production - 3 500 rubles.
* prices are indicated in rubles including VAT for standard installation periods
** installation of each side of the printed circuit board is calculated as a separate order
BGA mounting
| Quantity | up to 10 pcs. | up to 20 pcs. | up to 50 pcs. | up to 100 pcs. | more than 100 pcs. |
| 1.27-1.0mm | 600 | 510 | 450 | 360 | on request |
| 0.8mm | 750 | 660 | 600 | 510 | on request |
| 0.5 mm | 800 | 750 | 650 | 550 | on request |
| 0.4 mm* | 1400 | on request | on request | on request | on request |
*
with obligatory X-ray control.
Mounting QFN, LGA, DFN... (only for manual SMT mounting)
** prices are indicated in rubles including VAT for standard installation periods
*** prices include the cost of consumables.
Additional charge
- washing boards from flux residues
- separation of boards after installation
- lead-free mounting
- assembly of boards of complex shape and flexible-rigid printed circuit boards
Automatic mounting
- automatic installation - from 10 kop. per solder point
- output installation - from 1 rub. 30 kop. per solder point
- terms - from 4 working days
* prices are indicated in rubles including VAT
Additional services
- moisture protection and filling (lacquer, compound, etc.)
- assembly
- programming, setting and adjustment
Full contract manufacturing cycle
The REZONIT group of companies offers its customers a full cycle of electronics production. Large-scale production, including the manufacture of boards and the supply of components, installation and assembly, configuration and testing, packaging and delivery to the warehouse of the client or the end user.
Special offer when ordering a full cycle of serial* production:
- preparation of PP production - is free
- preparation of assembly production - is free
- stencils for mounting - is free
- delivery - is free
* large series from 1.0 million solder points
Stencils for SMT mounting
(download price)Specialized stainless steel made in Japan and England.
Available thicknesses: 80, 100, 120, 130, 150, 200 and 300 microns
| Size | Training | Price per aperture | ||||
| Req. Treatment | Ready for cutting | before 2000 | 2001-3000 | 3001-5000 | more than 5000 | |
| 300 x 300 | 2 000 rub. | 1 500 rub. | 3.00 rub. | 2.80 rub. | 2.60 rub. | 2.50 rub. |
| 400 x 500 | 2 500 rub. | 2 000 rub. | 3.00 rub. | 2.80 rub. | 2.60 rub. | 2.50 rub. |
| 600 x 600 | 3 000 rub. | 2 500 rub. | 2.50 rub. | 2.30 rub. | 2.15 rub. | 2.00 rub. |
| 600 x 800 | 3 500 rub. | 3 000 rub. | 2.50 rub. | 2.30 rub. | 2.15 rub. | 2.00 rub. |
* Prices are indicated in rubles including VAT.
** The price includes the cost of material, preparation of files, generation of programs for the machine, AOI, packaging
Production time - 1 working day
The day of receipt of the order and the time for delivery are not taken into account in the production time.
Urgent production – 6 hours (coefficient - 2)
- A stencil project is considered ready for cutting if sent as a gerber file (squeegee side view), which contains apertures, a frame, fiducial marks and text engraving (if required), and in which nothing needs to be changed. In this case, a discount 500 rubles for production preparation.
- Preparation for the production of stencils of various boards placed on one sheet - 300 rubles for each association.
solder paste
(download price)Lead Free No Clean Solder Pastes
Water washable solder pastes
* Prices are in c.u. in view of VAT.
1 c.u. = US dollar at the exchange rate of the Central Bank on the day of invoicing
Packaging in cans of 500 g.
Solder
All prices are indicated in rubles including VAT.
Production: France, the Netherlands.