Profession service in transport by type of transport. Service in transport (by type of transport) - secondary vocational education (43.02.06)

Course work

SERVICE IN TRANSPORT

INTRODUCTION

1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSPORT SERVICE IN R.F.

1.1 Functions of transport in the state

1.2 Types of transport services

1.3 Types of transport services

1.4 Organization of tourist services in transport

2 TRANSPORT SERVICE AS A LINE OF ACTIVITY OF A TOURIST COMPANY

2.1 The history of the development of transport services for tourists in Tomsk

2.2 The current state and prospects for the development of transport services in the travel agency "Tomsktourist"

CONCLUSION

LIST OF USED LITERATURE

APPENDIX

INTRODUCTION

Since ancient times, transport has been the engine of progress. Man used any means at hand to transport people and goods. With the invention of the wheel, and a little later, various types of engines, a person began to develop means of transportation accordingly: wagons, carriages, steamboats, steam locomotives, airplanes, etc. This made it possible to travel long distances and for various purposes. If the word “transport” means, first of all, the process of moving material masses and people in space, then after food, clothing and housing, physical existence of a person also requires transport. In essence, without the movement of tools and objects of labor and the person himself, neither the obtaining (production) of food, nor the manufacture of clothing and housing, nor any other expedient activity is possible.

Transport service is a set of transport services provided during the transportation of goods and passengers. Transportation is carried out by various modes of transport - air, land, water. The level and type of vehicle, the length of the movement determine the specifics of the transport service. However, popularity or demand different types transport for tourist traffic depends on the geographical and climatic conditions of the country, national traditions, social status and living standards of people and other factors. Each mode of transport has its advantages and disadvantages, but all types of transport systems have one main goal - the most complete satisfaction of needs, through the provision of an appropriate service, in the implementation of transportation services.

Target term paper: define transport service entity

The object of the course work: different types of transport

Subject: a service provided on various modes of transport

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

1. Collect and study material on the topic of the term paper.

2. Describe the modes of transport

3. Define the role of transport at the state level

4. Consider the service provided by the modes of transport in question.

5. Describe the current state and prospects for the development of transport services of the travel agency "Tomsktourist".

1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSPORTATION SERVICE FOR TOURISTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1.1 Functions of transport in the state

The importance of transport for a country that occupies 1/6 of the earth's land area is exceptionally great. It performs important economic, political, social, cultural and defense functions in the state.

The economic role of transport consists, first of all, in the fact that it is a limited link in any production and a material base for a deep division of labor, specialization and cooperation of enterprises, as well as for the delivery of all types of raw materials, fuel and products from production points to consumption points. Figuratively speaking, transport is the circulatory system of the state. Without transport, the development of new areas and natural resources is unthinkable. Representing a part of the productive forces, it serves as a variable condition for the rational distribution of production and the high productivity of social labor. He actually acts as a pioneer in the formation of territorial production complexes, especially in Siberia, the North, and the Far East. Transport is an important factor in economic integration between countries, as well as in international trade.

On the other hand, transport itself is the largest branch of the national economy. The fixed assets of transport, which are administered by the transport ministries, make up about 13% of the total funds of the state, and the share of fixed production assets exceeds 20%. If we add to this the fixed assets of departmental transport, then the share of the entire transport economy in the country's general funds will be much higher.

According to statistics, transport employs 9% of workers and employees. This does not take into account the contingent employed in departmental and urban transport, as well as in loading and unloading operations (in industry, trade, construction, agriculture, etc.).

In addition, a number of industries work partially or almost entirely for transport. The first subgroup of (partially employed) industries includes the fuel industry, the cement industry, and many others. The second subgroup of industries, which are almost entirely working for transport, includes the locomotive and carriage building industries, to a large extent the automotive, shipbuilding, aircraft building and some others. Taking into account all this, the number of people working in and for transport will exceed 20% of the national contingent. Consequently, transport is a gigantic sphere of application of human labor.

Here it is also appropriate to emphasize that transport consumes a significant share of minerals and products produced in the country.

Only on public transport in the process of moving is constantly (at the same time) approximately 50 million tons of various cargoes, and the total transport costs in the country, taking into account the costs of freight and storage operations, according to various expert estimates, are at least 100–120 billion rubles. in year. It is easy to understand how these costs are reflected in the cost and price of goods. Thus, the share of transportation costs in the price of many bulk goods is 15-40%, and transportation costs for the delivery of a number of goods to remote areas are many times higher than their price at production points.

The political significance of transport lies in its fulfillment of the role of the material base for the unification of the republics, territories and regions into a single state - Russian Federation. With the help of transport, the exchange of material and spiritual values is carried out between the peoples, nationalities and ethnic groups of the country, which is especially pronounced during natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, crop failures, etc.). Modern transport is widely used for international communications.

The social function of transport is, first of all, to ensure labor and household trips of people, to serve these people during trips, to facilitate their physical labor, in particular, when moving significant amounts of materials in the production process and at home. Transport contributes to the preservation of health, provides large masses of people with health-improving zones and natural resources not only in the near, but also in remote areas. It provides territorial accessibility to resorts with their healing springs and climate, as well as special medical centers in the capitals of the republics and in the largest cities. With the help of transport, doctors and specialists are delivered to any point where assistance is required.

Consequently, transport is one of the most important components of the material base of the economy of any country.

1.2 Types of transport services

Transport service, according to GOST R 51006-96 "Transport Services," is the result of the activities of the transport service provider to meet the needs of the passenger, consignor and consignee in transportation.

Transport ensures the development of international economic relations, contributing to the mutually beneficial exchange between different countries.

By type of transport services can be divided into:

road transport

air transportation

· rail transportation

sea and river transportation

By type of transportation:

· Passenger transport: transport services for the movement of passengers related to the safety, timeliness and comfort of passenger transportation, as well as the safety of luggage.

· Cargo transportation: transportation services for the movement of material assets related to their safety and timely delivery.

Consider the features of the types of transportation on the main modes of transport.

Road transport is a type of transport that transports goods and passengers by cars (trucks, cars, buses, tractors and trailers). It also plays an unjustifiably modest role in freight and passenger traffic in modern Russia.

Severe climatic conditions, which cause higher than in other developed countries, the cost of road construction, maintenance of roads and vehicles, is only a partial explanation for this. After all, even in the settled, economically developed regions of Russia, motor transport is poorly developed, and so far the main “stumbling block” in the development of domestic motor transport is off-road.

Occupying the first place in the world in terms of its territory, Russia in terms of average density of roads is inferior not only to highly developed countries, but also to most developing countries. The total length of paved roads in Russia at the end of 1996 was only 745,000 km, and in the overwhelming majority, even these roads did not meet generally accepted world standards.

Despite the high unit costs for the transportation of goods, motor transport is more mobile than other modes of transport, and allows the delivery of goods "from door to door", which is its undeniable advantage. Passenger transport, in addition to high mobility and speed of communication, also has great comfort for passengers. Most effective area use road transport are short hauls. The average transportation distance for 1 ton of cargo is 20-24 km. In this regard, the share of road transport in the total freight turnover is about 6%.

Specialty 43.01.06

Qualification: Transport Service Specialist.

Based on 9 classes (term of study 2 years 10 months); on the basis of 11 classes (term of study 1 year 10 months).

An important direction in the field of transport services is the close cooperation of various transport systems. This contributes to the creation and improvement of stations, the coordination of timetables, the harmonization of transport services and their comprehensive provision to passengers. Each mode of transport has its own advantages, but all pursue one main goal - the most complete satisfaction of customer needs in the implementation of transportation services.

A transport service specialist is involved in the process of organizing the transportation of passengers, cargo and special wagons. Issues (reissues) tickets for passengers in the forward and return directions, cargo (postal) documentation. Carries out financial settlements with passengers and shippers. Provides passengers with information and reference services at the points of departure and arrival of transport. Carries out activities to ensure transport safety. This specialty is one of the most demanded in the labor market.

General characteristics of the specialty.

Among the disciplines of the professional cycle Keywords: service activities, management, tariff regulation, risks and insurance in transport. Future guides need to master the rules for the transportation of passengers, baggage and cargo, the operation of rescue and on-board equipment. The work of the conductor includes catering for passengers, so they need to know everything about the timing of the sale of products issued on board the aircraft and in the train car. In addition, students are introduced to the rules of first aid.

Advantages of the specialty:

· demand in the labor market.

· High level of wages.

· Opportunity for career growth.

· The prestige of the specialty.

· Realization of professional potential.

· Continuing education in the specialty at universities.

Whom to work.

Flight attendants and conductors of passenger cars work in airlines and the Russian Railways system. They provide a comfortable and safe pastime for passengers during the flight and transfer. The flight attendant inspects the aircraft, checks the presence on board of emergency rescue equipment, food, medicines for first aid. It is in his competence to control the air temperature on board, the well-being and behavior of passengers. The duties of the train conductor are the same, plus checking passports and tickets when boarding the car.

Opportunities for professional growth:

The work of a steward in a well-known airline is usually highly paid. If a flight attendant has more than 2 years of experience and good knowledge of English, he can get a job in business aviation, where the salary is even higher. A successful specialist can grow up to a foreman-head of a service.

Requirements for the individual characteristics of a student who wants to study at transport service specialist :

· Purposefulness, determination, creativity;

· Ability to communicate and build relationships;

· Well-developed analytical skills, the ability to receive and process the necessary information,

Evaluate, compare and assimilate it;

· Self-confidence, in decisions made, energy, clear personal goals.

Student practice.

Educational and industrial practices are an obligatory part of the educational program. The production practice takes place in two stages: practice in the specialty profile and pre-diploma practice. As a rule, practices are organized on the basis of station complexes, forwarding companies, passenger service centers, and branded transport service centers.

Your options:

· Book transportation of passengers on transport

· Issuing and reissuing tickets for passengers in the forward and reverse directions

· Book baggage and cargo transportation

· Prepare and re-register cargo (postal) documentation

· Provide financial settlements with passengers and shippers

· Book hotels and car rentals

· Provide passengers with information and reference services at the points of departure and arrival of transport

· Organize services for special categories of passengers (passengers with children, disabled people, passengers with disabilities) at the points of departure and arrival of transport

· Organize passenger service VIP - halls and business lounges of points of departure and arrival of transport

· Provide first aid to victims and take necessary measures in case of accidents

· Ensure transport safety

· Take measures to suppress acts of unlawful interference in the activities of transport

SPECIALITY: 43.01.06 Transport service (by type of transport).

QUALIFICATION:Transport Service Specialist.

TRAINING PERIOD:on the basis of 9 classes - 2 years 10 months,

on the basis of 11 classes - 1 year 10 months

FORM OF TRAINING: full-time

EXAMS:certificate competition

COST OF EDUCATION: 85 000 rubles/year

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Reference

In the age of high mobility, the development of technology, and with it the speed of movement, safety becomes an important criterion. People are ready to pay large sums for high-quality service in the transport sector, since human health is the main value. Therefore, there is a need to train specialists who will be responsible for the organization and planning of transport services.

Description of activity

The activities of a transport service specialist will not be useful without the basic knowledge that a specialist should have. These are legislative documents on the organization of service in transport, the technology of car service enterprises, the basics technological processes transport services, automated control systems, as well as market conditions. A specialist can use this knowledge when working at enterprises of the municipal and regional vehicle fleet, enterprises of the insurance service system, in car service companies, and government bodies.

Job responsibilities

The work of a transport service specialist includes organizational, managerial, production, technological and service work. Organizational and managerial work, respectively, affects the study of the service market, decision-making, organization of orders and the work of the team itself. Production and technological work is associated with the choice of equipment and technological means, is responsible for safe and operational activities. Service work is aimed at the quality of services, the study of the desires of consumers, in the application of new methods.

Description

The range of competencies acquired by students during training is extremely wide. Organization of passenger and freight transportation, including service and legal support - the main subject curriculum. Students learn to provide first aid, organize the transportation of special categories of passengers, and avoid illegal interference in the activities of a transport company. Mandatory part of the process vocational training is an internship, which is organized in places of possible employment of graduates of the specialty.

Whom to work

Airlines, transport companies specializing in passenger transportation, cargo terminals are some of the main employers of graduates of the specialty. Considering that the main specificity of professional training is for the transportation itself, namely the related service, many graduates seek to get additional transport or logistics education, which gives them shape when applying for high-paying jobs. It should be borne in mind that work in the service sector implies a high degree of personal motivation and diligence, which means that professional growth to the head of a service or a specialized transport department at an enterprise is possible.

In the modern world, transport plays a crucial role, allowing people and things to move not only within one country, but also in cross-border directions. Therefore, professions related to transport will always be popular. After all, it is thanks to them that fast delivery of goods and passengers is carried out to different, even the most remote and hard-to-reach places on our planet.

What professions in transport exist today, many want to know who are considering who to become in this life. Transport professions, the list of which is quite wide, traditionally differ depending on the type of transport.

Railway transport professions

In the vast majority of developed countries, it is railway transport that bears the main burden of transporting goods and passengers, therefore the profession of a railway transport worker is not only always in demand, but also very popular among job seekers. The list of railway transport professions that are unique to this industry is not very extensive, and all of them can be classified according to three main areas of activity of workers:

Travel Specialties.
station specialties.
Station specialties.

The travel specialties are as follows:

Driver. Controls the locomotive. It is believed that in the near future this profession will disappear, and train control will be entrusted to automatic systems. But so far, nowhere in the world can they do without this, the most respected and prestigious profession in railway transport. At the same time, in Russia it is purely male profession completely inaccessible to women.
Assistant driver. It performs a lot of functions, being, in fact, the eyes, ears and hands of the driver.
Train leader. Responsible for the functionality of the train, its normal operation, its condition, including each car, compartment and individual seats.
Conductor. The profession of "Railway Conductor" involves the implementation of direct work in the car, including passenger service, maintaining order, etc.

Among the main station professions, the main ones are the following:

Travel specialists. This profession includes two specializations: craftsmen and linemen. At the same time, they have one goal - to ensure the integrity of the railway track. Crawlers discover its damage, and the masters repair it.
Electricians. Their duty is to ensure the functionality of switches, hitchhiking, traffic lights, high-voltage lines used by rail, etc.
Electromechanics. Carry out maintenance of the alarm system, centralization and blocking, eliminate its malfunctions, malfunctions and breakdowns.
Carriages. Carry out inspection of trains, internal and external control of the state of cars.
Repairmen. Their task is to troubleshoot rolling stock.

Station professions include:

Station duty officer. His functions include scheduling trains, controlling their arrival and departure, managing the station entrusted to him.
Dispatcher. Carries out direct coordination of movement, constantly being in touch with the drivers.
Maintenance and service personnel, including several specialties related to ticketing, cooking, medical care, security, cleaning, etc.

Profession road transport

Road transport is younger than rail transport, but its role in transportation is also very important. Road transport workers , professions which are distinguished by their specificity, carry out their activities in the field of road transportation. Among their specialties are the following:

Drivers of various categories. These people directly manage vehicles, both passenger and freight.
Dispatcher. The profession of "road transport dispatcher" is in many ways similar to that of the railway. It also needs to be coordinated. Vehicle to keep in touch with them, to solve problems promptly.

The specialty "Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles" is associated with the maintenance vehicles in proper functional condition and their repair if necessary.

Maintenance and service personnel.

Air transport professions

Air transport is indispensable over long distances and especially when the destination is inaccessible to other modes of transport. The profession of this type of transport is covered with romance and is very prestigious. Specific among these professions are the following:

Aircraft commander. Carries out crew management, while combining the functions of the main pilot.
Pilot. Operates an aircraft.
Navigator. Its main functions are to plot the course, control the following on it using navigational instruments.
Flight engineer. Controls the operation of engines, landing gear and other aircraft systems.
Flight attendant. Representatives of this profession are also called stewardesses and stewards. Their task is to directly serve passengers and ensure their safety.
Flight leader. This is the main person at the airport, who controls everything that happens there, including the state of all technical support, the runway, the situation in the air (including weather conditions). Only he can authorize landing or takeoff.
Air traffic controller. Regulates movement aircraft using air navigation and aeronautical meteorological data. Constantly in touch with aircraft.

Professions of river transport

Today, river transport is no longer as popular as in Soviet times, but in many regions of our vast and not very well-developed country in terms of infrastructure, it is almost the only means of transporting goods and passengers. Therefore, the professions of water transport are also necessary and respected, and the main ones are presented below:

Riverboat captain. He manages the crew, bears full responsibility for the vessel entrusted to him.
Technician-navigator. Ensures the operation of ships, including the safety of their navigation.
Marine mechanic. Responsible for the operation of the ship's power equipment.
minder. Carries out operation of the engine, its start-up, stop and change of operating modes.
Helmsman (feeder). A person who controls a ship while it is in motion.
Boatswain. Manages the crew of the vessel in the field of all economic activities.
Ship's cook. He is also a cook. Responsible for the preparation of meals and proper meals for the crew and passengers.
Radiotelegrapher. Provides communication between ships and shore and between different ships.
Sailor. The main working unit of river transport, carrying out all necessary work under the direction of the boatswain.
port manager. Carries out control and management of the movement of ships.
port workers. These can be crane operators, loaders, laborers, and a host of other professions directly related to work in the port.

Maritime professions

Professions in the field of maritime transport are practically no different from those in river transport. Therefore, only the following can be added to the list above:

Skipper. Responsible for deck property.
Major assistant. The right hand of the captain, performing a huge number of functions, sharing them with the boatswain.
Lighthouse keeper. Carries out the operation of the lighthouse in order to ensure the safety of maritime navigation.

Profession organization of transportation and transport management

Whatever the mode of transport, it needs qualified management to organize uninterrupted transportation. This requires a variety of skills, including « Technique and technology of land transport”, a profession related to ensuring the operation of both road and rail transport. The profession "Automation and telemechanics in transport" is directly related to railways, where specialists of this profile operate interval motion systems.

Service in transport, what kind of profession

The profession "Service in transport by type of transport" involves specialization in passenger service, registration required documents, financial settlements, security, etc.

In conclusion, it can be noted that the professions of transport workers are not limited to the considered specialties. There are many more different professions that are used, including in transport, but are not specific to this industry.