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We make kung for food truck. Food truck outside the law: Afisha correspondent illegally sells street food

Durum-Durum is shawarma. We decided to do it, because in Moscow there was no such shawarma that we love. To begin with, we decided to try to work mobile version- make a restaurant on wheels. They wanted to bring an English double-decker double-decker bus, but due to many restrictions (the height is 4.4 m, it can be imported into Russia no higher than four, there is a problem with customs - it turned out to be older than twenty years) and a ban on the import of right-hand drive vehicles from this ideas had to be abandoned.

They brought Airstream: they bought it in the States for 10,000 dollars, delivered it to the port, then transported it by ship to Germany and from there to St. Petersburg, to Petrolesport, where they cleared customs.

We planned to open by May 1, 2013, but, realizing that we did not have time to pick up the trailer from the repair, we bought equipment and installed it at home in the kitchen: an oven, dough sheeter and a gas grill. They began to come up with recipes and read how to marinate chicken, how to bake cakes, they had never cooked before (fried eggs do not count).

On May 18, 2013, for the first time, we went to the City food market in Gorky Park. Our menu included durums - tortillas with chicken, cabbage, cucumbers and two homemade sauces. Then the festivals began: they worked in the garden. Bauman, in the park on Krasnaya Presnya. Since 2013, every day in winter and summer, in any weather.

The documents

The list of documents for opening a food truck, NTO (non-stationary shopping facility), is the same as for a stationary catering point, except for those that relate directly to the premises. This is a lease agreement with the owner of the land. For municipal land (parks) a tender can be held, if the property is commercial, the contract is signed directly with the owner of the building.

Based on a lease agreement separate subdivision and the checkout is registered. If you plan to move the point around the city, then you need to register a mobile cash desk (there are a number of restrictions), plus at each point in the city where the food truck will stand, a land lease agreement must be concluded.

You will also need a letter to Rospotrebnadzor about the notification of the start of activities, which checks in the first year, and then every three years. From the side of the SES: the presence of a menu in printed form, a consumer corner, medical books for all employees and documents for the company must be inside the trailer - a certificate of state registration and a certificate of registration in tax office(OGRN, USRN, TIN). It is not difficult to issue permits, I do not remember the exact duration, but within five working days.

Kitchen

Everyone who has tested his model and realized that the product he makes is in demand continues to open indoors. There are more opportunities indoors to make a quality kitchen: the trailer is cramped and there are few opportunities to meet the norms. According to the legislation, at the points of non-stationary trade, the product can only be brought to readiness, that is, it can go there almost ready, which means that a procurement factory-kitchen is needed. The premises for it must be rented, designed, renovated, certified, and this is a serious job.

We have a procurement workshop where we make blanks. Every day, the head of the restaurant instructs the procurer - how much blanks he needs. Entry to the Belaya Dacha, where our trailer is parked, is limited: you need to bring it before ten in the morning. There are difficulties, and they do not let us in when we are late.

The procurement workshop is thoughtfully equipped with the latest technology: a refrigerator, chest freezers, ovens, bathtubs for washing gastronorm containers. A different number of people work at the harvesting: in the usual mode - one or two, when there is a big event - three or four. It is clear that some things in any case can be done in advance, depending on the characteristics of the product, volume and shelf life. For example, vacuum sauce, marinate meat. Sometimes a person just goes to one shift, if you need to peel, cut and cut 80 kg of lamb - this is 2-3 hours or minced meat to scroll for cutlets.

As a result, vacuum-packed packages, gastronorm containers arrive at the point, all this is distributed among refrigerators, the meat is placed on a vertical grill.

Product Features

We can instantly assemble a team for the required number of people. But that's precisely the difficulty of mobile commerce: there's no certainty about it. Although the task of any business is to make some variables in it become constant in order to accept them as a constant. When you are a restaurant on wheels, this is very difficult to do.

Business on wheels is not taken seriously. The landlord can come in at any time and say: “Guys, this is the situation, you had to move out the day before yesterday.” And in our trailer, a person works, receives a salary. We tell him: stay at home for now. Therefore, this is a very difficult job: there are peaks in trading, but there is a recession, and my task is to somehow smooth them out.

Plus, we also have a specific dish, and in order to maintain quality, a client flow is constantly needed here. This burger can be prepared when a client appears, and in our case, the marinated meat is mounted on a reel (vertical grill) and, if there is no flow, it is impossible to stop the process: the meat is fried and thrown out if there is no one to sell it to. Therefore, there are many burger chains in the world, but there are no shawarma chains.

You have to choose the right product. Ideal - kutab, if we continue our theme, then gozleme. Enthusiasts at the markets go the way: “Oh, cool, let's cook a cake on the spot, it will be tastier!”. But, let's say, you can attract a hundred people for a flatbread made on the spot, and if you buy ready-made lavash, you can increase the delivery rate by 200 people. We must constantly look at what is more important - to attract an additional audience or increase the speed of issuance. Therefore, the logic is simple: it’s better to let a hundred servings be ready at once, people will come to me and eat.

We have five items on the menu, due to the possible combinations of toppings and additives, their number increases. You can also make the very basis of the durum (cakes) different. There is a return in the lunch box, there is breakfast. The menu is simple though. Durum is a monoconcept.

Today, the task of any mass catering, in my opinion, is to sell carbohydrates at the price of proteins. What does McDonald's sell? Not a Big Mac, but French fries and Coca-Cola, something that actually costs zero. This is our flat cake 80 grams, and meat 140. The weight of a standard durum (shawarma) is 350 grams - a good portion. Whether it is possible to earn and get rich on this - I do not know, but I hope.

Equipment

The food truck has one advantage - visual; he grabs attention. And there are a lot of shortcomings: the more beautiful it looks, the more uncomfortable it is inside. Rounded corners are non-standard equipment. You can’t just buy a table, you need a unique one, to order, two to three times more expensive.

Or you need to lay the floor, they made corrugated metal. When flour and water get on it, it is impossible to wash it off. If you do a self-leveling floor, for example; it is heavy, adding several tens of kilograms. No one can tell such nuances: no one has experience yet. Although now there seem to be offices that want to professionally re-equip buses; their units.

In our case, the equipment came out more expensive, we did not always know what it should be. I had to buy a grill, it can cost ten thousand rubles, and a hundred. As a result, they bought for six thousand; it broke down, and we already knew what we needed from this equipment - how it fries, how it keeps heat. It was the same with the stove - it fell apart during the season, but we began to understand that we needed a two-section, separate stove to keep warm.

This is largely due to the fact that we are non-professionals. Well, who are the pros on a vertical grill? We have not developed this at all. You come to the store, and the seller says: "Let's open the instructions." Therefore, many things have to be comprehended by trial and error, to delve into everything.

Our van has two vertical grills and one horizontal one, a pizza oven, a dough sheeter, refrigeration equipment, including a juice cooler and an ice maker, a food warmer, a deep fryer, a cash register, a VDU (Video Display Unit) monitor for the picker, a heated surface, a carob coffee machine and exhaust hood (inside the trailer, the temperature can reach up to 50°C).

Over the past 4 years, the topic of fast food in the major cities of our country has begun to take on a completely different form. A new branch of the development of this industry has appeared - food trucks. I would like to note right away that the topic abroad is not new. In the old as well as in the new world, this practice has become widespread. Food trucks can be seen in large numbers both at festivals and in crowded urban areas. The legislative base for the sale of food from wheels has been formed there for a long time and no one experiences problems with the law, there would be demand. In Russia, the situation is different. Cooking and selling food from wheels on city streets is prohibited. There is no such thing as a food truck in the legislation. Why, even a normal Russian word for this type of technology and trade has not yet been picked up by anyone. As long as it's so simple, food truck. But even such obstacles on the part of the state do not prevent this topic from developing and turning from a dubious hobby into a full-fledged type of business. So, first things first.

What is a food truck?

A food truck is a symbiosis of a car (or a trailer to it) and a full-fledged kitchen. For traffic police officers vehicle, for which all traffic rules apply on public roads. For Rospotrebnadzor, tax, firefighters and other regulatory authorities, the food truck is an object of non-stationary trade.

Food trucks can also be divided into factory and home-made. In Europe and America, where this industry is most developed, there are entire factories that produce such mobile kitchens for various needs. In Russia, due to their low prevalence and high cost, food trucks for the most part represent a kind of hand-made from used cars or trailers for them and the same kitchen equipment, assembled together in the backyards of the city. But due to the rapid development of the newfangled direction, domestic manufacturers also appear.

Why do you need a food truck?

For you, a food truck can be both a hobby and a type of business. Accordingly, the reasons for not cheap purchase of a mobile kitchen will be different. In the first case, the question can be answered as follows: it has become fashionable in our country and has long been practiced abroad, this is a dream that you want to fulfill, this is more interesting than a stationary cafe. If you are considering a food truck from the point of view of a profitable business, then: it gives you more opportunities than a stationary cafe, it gives you the opportunity to work as a catering at outdoor festivals and private events, it can be additional PR and marketing for your company.

You have made up your mind. Where to begin?

First you need to define your goals as described above. Here it should be noted that first of all you should like it. Work in catering is a constant contact with a large mass of people who, whatever one may say, need to be loved, despite your hard work. Also an important point is safety, namely its absence in public catering. The banal poisoning of a client by your (or maybe not your) food can end up with significant problems for you.

Next, you need to decide on the product with which you are ready to conquer the stomachs of customers. You need to understand that the food truck is not a stationary cafe and its space is very limited. The supply of technical water is also limited. The street is not a stationary room with a stable temperature and humidity. Standing under the scorching sun or in the cold, the client will not want to wait long. Therefore, your product should be: tasty, satisfying, fast, simple, affordable, convenient. The ability of your client to quickly buy and eat with appetite one dish, at an affordable price, which you fill up, you can immediately take away with you and not get dirty - this is your great advantage over competitors.

As described above, a food truck is a kitchen with very limited space and resources. Frequent and not right decision is to buy a car/trailer (because I liked it), and then play tetryst with the layout inside a beautiful, but not functional, mobile space. It would be right to think in advance which menu you want to cook and what equipment is needed for this. The menu should not be large, one or two main dishes, side dishes and drinks. Otherwise, you run the risk of "digging in", and your client will leave dissatisfied without waiting for his turn. The queue itself should not be too long (and how long are you willing to wait for the treasured delicacy?), but you should also not allow downtime. Here you need to play with two parameters - manufacturability (speed of execution of the dish) and its selling price. Select and calculate the equipment you need and the correct layout inside the food truck. Calculate the location of all the boxes and the angles of their opening. Pay close attention to ventilation. Do not allow personnel to interfere with each other during work. Remember that the comfort of the worker depends on his productivity. Imagine your future food truck on drawings showing all dimensions. Only then can you search for a suitable vehicle.

The food truck has a few limited resources besides space. Namely water, electricity and gas. Depending on the places of work and your needs, it is necessary to think over the places for installing containers for clean and gray water, to make it convenient to drain it. If necessary, do not forget about the boiler for heating water. For electrical, you need to add up all the power consumption of your equipment. As a rule, for food trucks, this is 12-14 kW. If you are ready to get by with a power of up to 5 kW, then you can count on an autonomous fuel generator. The problem is that it makes a lot of noise and pollutes the surrounding air, which will not please not only your customers, but also regulatory authorities. Therefore, if you decide to use it, you need to think in advance about the hidden place of its installation and high-quality sound insulation. If your power consumption reaches 10 kW, then you can not do without an external connection to the power supply. Which somewhat limits the range of sites used. No need to save on the quality of the wiring and the overload protection system. Your life may depend on it, and not only yours. Petroleum gas (propane-butane) is an excellent, autonomous and very convenient alternative to electricity. But, if we consider it from the point of view of the law, this is a strict prohibition. It is not allowed to use gas in public places in terms of fire safety and there are no prospects for lifting this ban yet. But, if you are on private property, as a rule, this issue can be resolved.

It must be understood that due to the small amount of usable space, as well as the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards, in the food truck you can only “warm up” blanks that you need to prepare in advance. To do this, you need to rent a stationary room, warehouse and staff.

Car or trailer. What to choose?

After you have solved all the above tasks, you can proceed to perhaps the most intriguing issue in this newfangled theme - the outer shell. After all, it is the original and recognizable appearance of your food truck that will first of all attract the attention of your customers. As described above, there are two options here: buy a car or a trailer for a car. Both options have their pros and cons. By car, you may prefer a light van, like a Mercedes Sprinter or VW Crafter. If the scope of your kitchen is large, you can pay attention to cargo vans or buses. But in this case, you should immediately think about the category "C" in the rights. The advantage of cars is the possibility of their independent movement. But the downside is that the output is too expensive, the need for regular maintenance (TO) or repair, which will lead to food truck downtime. More profitable here is the purchase of a trailer. First, more attractive cost. Secondly - a larger amount of internal space. Thirdly, the lack of technically complex mechanisms (engine, transmission) that need preventive maintenance and repair. The downside is the need to have the skill to drive a large trailer, the mandatory category "BE" or "CE" in the driver's license, as well as significant overall dimensions in the coupling with a tractor vehicle, which significantly complicates maneuvering in tight city streets.

About Airstream

It just so happened that when the word food truck is used in Russia, the Airstream brand is primarily represented, although in fact it has no direct relation to food trucks. The adventurers from LavkaLavka and Delicatessen, who made the project "Gifts of Nature" were to blame for this. In 2012, they were the first to bring a mobile kitchen to Moscow based on the new Airstream trailer, and they began to cook and sell food “off wheels” in a new format. Thus began Airstream's association with mobile fast food. In 2015, the project "Gifts of Nature wagon" was closed.

Where to work?

It would be logical to assume that if you own a food truck, you can move around the city in search of passing places. This is where the main stumbling block lies. Today, there is simply no law that defines what a food truck is, where and how you can work with it. Now the food truck is equated to non-stationary shopping facilities and cooking is prohibited in it. The situation is different near shopping and business centers, the adjacent area to which is owned by them. Here you negotiate with the owners of the land on which you work and, as a rule, this option is working. In warm weather, your main location for catering is outdoor mass festivals and private events. Also, do not forget about city parks, but getting up there is not always easy.

The general scheme of work looks like this: you rent the occupied space, issue sanitary and fire permits, notify Rospotrebnadzor.

Do not forget that according to sanitary and epidemiological standards, the toilet for employees from the food truck should be located at a distance of no more than 100 m.

Regulations

These sanitary and epidemiological rules are primarily necessary for studying:

SP 2.3.6.1066-01. Section 9
SP 2.3.6 1254-03
GOST 51074-2003

What by the numbers

So, how can you earn income by working with a food truck:

Work on weekdays. Selling 5-20 portions/day.
Work on weekends in places of high traffic of people (festivals, fairs). Selling 80-500 portions/day.
Offsite catering for a fixed price. It is advisable to take such an order for an amount of 50,000 rubles.
Additional income from delivery.

But in addition to income, there are also expenses:

Rent of the occupied area. From 5 000 rub. per day up to 180,000 rubles. per month.
Transportation of a food truck trailer around the city: from 4000 rubles, if you do not have a suitable tractor and skills.
Consumed electricity
Purchase of products and their logistics
Rental of premises for the production of blanks
Staff salary
Cash register
taxes

Outcome

Food truck in Russia is still a hobby that is trying to grow into a serious business. You still have every chance to win the recognition of customers, make a name and succeed. The main thing is to correctly realize your desires and, having done on their basis necessary work, you can count on good luck in this exciting and newfangled business.

1 What is a burger on wheels
2 Benefits of food on wheels
5 Food truck in terms of legislation. Mobile Commerce Law
6 Renting a food truck - is it profitable?
7 How to get a trading permit
8 How much can a tavern on wheels bring

Find your niche in restaurant business may not be easy. One of the options for a new project is a burger on wheels: a street food outlet that can drive around the city in any direction.

We will analyze what such a burger place is like, how to draw up a business plan for opening it, what you need to know about the law on mobile commerce and food truck rental.

What is a burger on wheels

The food truck is a fully equipped van with a small kitchen inside. In this kitchen, you can cook almost any dish, but the food truck is suitable mainly for snacks andfast food. It is also called a burger food truck because this menu item brings in the most revenue.

Food trucks are divided into small burgers that can travel outside your city, and full-fledged mobile street food outlets. Choose the most suitable option for you and use it when drawing up a business plan.

Benefits of food on wheels

Below are the main advantages of a burger on wheels as a business project.

Requires less investment than a regular street food outlet

If you need from 1 to 5 million rubles to open a full-fledged cafe, then the snack bar will cost much less - especially if you rent a van.

No need to hire a large number of employees

A maximum of two employees can work in such a diner. Usually these are two cooks or a cook and a cashier. Often there is only a cook in the van who also accepts payment. With a large influx of people, you can take a second person.

You can outsource accounting, and the manager and technologist, due to physical impossibility (there is not enough space for three people and a full-fledged kitchen in a classic van), will not be able to be present in the burger shop all the time.

Pays off quickly

The payback period for such a business is from one month. This is much less than the payback periodstandard cafeor street food outlets.

Can move in any direction

With special permission, the food truck can move inside your city or travel outside of it into the region. You can empirically find the best food outlets and sell burgers there at the best time. It also contributes to increased sales and a quick return on payback. However, to obtain such a permit, you will need to collect a package of documents and hire an experienced driver.

Low competition and the opportunity to make good money on each dish

Low competition and high mobility make it possible to charge a certain type of burger at regular prices from twenty percent. If you set up a diner for the day in a wired location where there are no other restaurants or cafes of this type, burgers and other dishes will be bought at any price you set - within reason.

Before starting your business, you need to write out a plan in detail, including all the characteristics of the project, analysis of the market, costs, expected income. .

Project description

In the description, explain how your food truck will be different from other similar businesses in the area. Here you can also insert a table with analytics of competitive businesses, a description of their pros and cons, which will help with the promotion of your food truck.

Write how your business will differ from a regular burger one and what advantages you see in opening it. If you are looking for investment, the business plan can be shown to potential investors or sponsors

Analysis target audience

Analyze the audience that might be interested in your offer. The analysis consists of a description of age, income, place of residence and food habits. The audience can be divided into several streams - students going out for a snack at a big break, office workers those looking for an inexpensive lunch option near the business center, city guests and so on.

Goal setting

Set a specific goal - for example, the desired payback period. A business plan focused on the next goal will need to be prepared in the second or third month of your business.

Production plan

What will you serve? Which dishes will be offered to customers ready-made, and which will need to be prepared in front of the client? What products are required for this? What equipment will need to be purchased, at what cost and where? Write down the answers to these questions.

Financial plan

The largest block of the entire business plan will contain detailed information about what will need to be purchased and what will have to be spent. In the financial plan, indicate the expenses foropening a sole proprietorship or LLC, wages for all employees you plan to hire, the cost of renting or buying a food truck, purchasing ingredients and equipment, purchasing a cash register with a service license, and so on. The financial plan should contain all possible items of expenditure, not only for the starting stage, but also for the full continuation of the activities of the food truck.

Every month you will need to pay salaries to employees, renew the lease on the food truck (if you did not purchase one), buy ingredients and possibly buy or replace broken equipment, which happens infrequently.

A financial plan usually contains a calculation of the cost of dishes and ready-made products, drinks served in a food truck, a calculation of their final price for the buyer and benefits for you, as well as formulas for reaching payback and approximate profit. Do not forget about taxes, which also need to be written at the end of the plan.

Analyze how much you can bet on burgers based on the average market price. See how much profit will go to you after selling one burger and what you can spend the money on.

Another expense item is the interior and exterior design of the food truck. Set a certain budget for signage, exterior and visible parts of the interior, branded products, uniforms for employees. At first, you only need to hire a cook and a driver.

Marketing plan

You can buy advertising on outdoor media and in printed publications of the city where your food truck will be located, indicating its location at a certain time of the day. It would be useful to prescribe an initial travel plan at least a month in advance. Then create a layout for a billboard or small sign.

Advertising on the Internet can be much more successful and beneficial for your business than advertising on physical media. Pay attention to the available options - for example, banners on city portals and sites popular among your audience. You can also turn to advertising on social networks - it is easier to set up, it will be displayed in the general feed of your target audience, and the cost will be less than buying advertising on the site. You can also choose banner or targeted advertising.

The equipment that you will need to open a project like this is a kitchen and its components. At the end of the wagon, you can place a small warehouse of ingredients - you will need to calculate how much food you need to put in the food truck per day.

You can buy kitchen equipment and shelves for a mini-warehouse in specialized stores. However, it will be much cheaper to turn to wholesale suppliers who also sell equipment at retail.

Typically, such companies are located in large cities, and their warehouses are located in the region. In order not to spend money on delivery, you can pick up the ordered equipment on the same van, which is planned to be turned into a diner later. But first you will need to get permission to move around the city and region.

The difference in the cost of equipment (refrigerators, dryers, kitchen space, and so on) can be up to thirty percent for different suppliers. Put all the data you find in a table to clearly see where you can purchase the necessary goods with the maximum discount. Promotional programs begin at the end of the season - be attentive to the discounts that the manufacturer offers for kitchen sets.

Food truck in terms of legislation. Mobile Commerce Law

The law on mobile commerce has not yet been adopted on the territory of the Russian Federation. The final reading will take place in April 2019. The bill currently includes:

Preservation of a certain place of the main location for the business
Extension of contracts for the provision of services with any contractors without bidding
Framework rules for food trucks

Mobile trading involves obtaining permission to sell certain types of goods and dishes, as well as the movement of your eatery around the city and - separately - around the region.

Renting a food truck - is it profitable?

Renting a food truck on wheels is much cheaper than buying one. However, if you plan to develop a diner and run this business for more than one year, it will be easier to buy a car than to spend money on renting it every month.

The cost of renting a van starts from 40 thousand rubles (data for Moscow and the Moscow region). Making a food truck will cost at least 10 thousand.

You can only achieve a quick payback if you rent a ready-made diner van. But the purchase of a small food truck, which can be included in the starting capital of 1.5-2 million rubles, will play into your hands in the future. If you do not want to depend on the landlord, who may not renew the contract with you and take your property, buy a ready-made food truck, but in this case, count on a longer payback period.

How to get a trading permit

In order to obtain a trade permit, you will need to fill out a form for entrepreneurs on the website of the tax office. There you need to specify which specific products will be sold in your food truck. Permission is obtained separately for ready-made products and separately for dishes and ingredients from which they will be created.

After filling out the form, go to the office of the tax service of the Russian Federation in your city with a package of documents (their full list can be found on the official website of the relevant department). You will need to fill out a few more papers confirming the presence of a business, individual entrepreneur or LLC and all of the listed products.

The decision to issue a trade permit is made in one working week. During this time, you will have time to select the staff who will work in your food truck, find possible ways to replace ingredients that are difficult to obtain permission, and resolve any documentation problems.

Step-by-step plan for obtaining a trade permit:

Obtaining permits for the sale of finished products (Tax Service). You will need a list of products and ingredients.
Submission of a notification about the start of the functioning of the food point to local authorities (district or city government). Specify the full name of the owner of the enterprise, legal address, TIN, PSRN, type of activity and a list of work performed.
Apply for a permit to open a non-stationary retail facility (Department of Commerce of your city). You will need to provide a notice of commencement of activities and a contract with the supplier company of your choice.
Permission to sell alcohol is filled out only if you plan to sell the relevant drinks in the next six months of the business. You can issue such an agreement at the Department of Commerce and Services of a particular city.

All licenses are issued free of charge within one working week if an application needs to be considered. The permit is issued on the day of receipt of the application and documents (if required).

It is important to collect all the required certificates and obtain all the necessary permits, without which your business can be easily “curtailed”. Don't forget to complete:

waste collection contract
water supply contracts
certificates of all food products,
medical records for staff.

These documents, along with all licenses and permits, must be submitted to Rospotrebnadzor.

How much can a tavern on wheels bring

At first, a food truck can bring from three hundred thousand rubles a month. The standard payback is from four months, in the case of renting a food truck, it is reduced to one to two months.

Before reaching payback, the amount that a food truck brings in per month may vary from season to season. Best time to open a diner on wheels - it's spring and summer. Autumn and especially winter are calm periods. But everything will depend on the city in which you want to open your business, and in many respects - on weather conditions.

After reaching the payback, you can count on a profit of five hundred thousand rubles a month and more. This figure is especially relevant for the warm season, when a food truck will be an excellent option for customers to replace a classic cafe or burger for a customer.

Open this business from scratchalmost anyone can. Before starting the activity, make sure that all the documentation is in order so as not to lose your investment due to the closure of the food truck by the authorities.

Professional business plans

A business based on the daily needs of people will generate significant income even in an economic crisis. The sale of food and ready-made food is in the first place in terms of profitability, and if such a business is made mobile, then it will be possible to quickly change locations outlet to increase sales. Some entrepreneurs decide to buy a food truck to organize this type of activity, but before doing this, you need to know exactly about all the nuances of such a business.

Our business valuation:

Starting investments - from 700,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The complexity of starting a business is 4/10.

What is a food truck?

A food truck is a van with a kitchen for cooking. The sale of finished products is carried out directly from the machine. Some models can be made in the form of a trailer to the car. The trailer, after being disconnected from the tractor, is permanently installed in one place, but, if necessary, can be reconnected to the vehicle and transported to a new place.

Benefits of using a food truck

Unlike a cafe or restaurant, a food truck can move long distances in a short period of time, so if at one point the business has ceased to generate income, you can "moor" and choose a more suitable place for trading. Unlike a stationary catering establishment, a food truck will not have to pay rent, but only if the van is purchased as a property. If there are concerns about the success of this business in a particular locality, then it is recommended to rent a food truck for a short period and experimentally determine the profitability of such a business. Renting a food truck will not cost too much, and in case of failure, it will be enough to terminate the contract, which is much easier to do than trying to sell a used food truck if you own it. One of the budget options to get a food truck van is to purchase a used mobile home, which can be easily converted into a mobile cafe. An inexpensive option for purchasing a food truck is also to buy a Gazelle car with a van installed in the form of a grocery store.

Disadvantages of a business on wheels

The disadvantages of using a food truck are:

The van is a full member traffic, therefore, it will be necessary to constantly monitor its technical condition, pay transport tax and pay fines for traffic violations.
When driving, the food truck can get into an accident, which can also reduce the length of the working day. In large cities, a food truck can stand in a traffic jam for many hours, which will negatively affect business efficiency. Even a minor breakdown or a punctured wheel can make adjustments to the work schedule of a mobile cafe.
The additional expense of purchasing gasoline or diesel fuel when traveling frequently over long distances can significantly reduce the profitability of this type of business. In addition, the car requires regular Maintenance with the replacement of fluids and consumable parts of the car.
In Russia, there is no law regulating the sale of food from a van, so you will need to comply with all the requirements of the legislation in the field of catering for stationary points of sale.

The listed shortcomings, although they are quite serious obstacles to opening and running a business selling food from a car, many entrepreneurs are not afraid of possible negative consequences, including when obtaining permission to trade from wheels.

Legal side of the issue

Any work must be paid, and after the payment is received on the account of the employee, a certain amount is necessarily withheld from it to pay taxes. All individual entrepreneurs or legal entities are required to pay income tax on profits. If the labor of hired workers is used to organize a mobile cafe, then in addition to income tax from their salaries, it will be necessary to make the necessary payments to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and compulsory medical insurance. All food truck workers must also have valid medical books. In addition to the tax burden on an officially registered business, it will be necessary to bring the food truck equipment into proper sanitary and technical condition. If you ignore sanitary standards, then the business may be suspended by the relevant inspection organizations.

In addition to official registration, you will need to properly install the food truck for trading. If you place a car in a parking lot or along the road, then large fines for trading in the wrong place will make up a large part of the cost of such a business. The main legal way to install a food truck is to place it on land designated for driving. trading activities. Most often, the installation of a food truck for the sale of food products is carried out at fairs, markets and during public events. In all these cases, it is necessary to correctly draw up documents for the right to trade in certain places. To place a food truck, you can conclude a lease agreement with private entrepreneurs and legal entities, but only if according to the documents land plot can be used for retail outlets.

DIY food truck

If you have the desire and minimal skills in handling a welding machine and other tools for metal processing, you can make a food truck with your own hands. The most budgetary option for home-made equipment is a food truck, which does not have its own motor, and the outlet is moved by attaching it to a car. Such a food truck-trailer perfectly copes with its purpose and, if properly manufactured, a “home-made” can be registered with the traffic police.

Making a food truck on your own is carried out in the following sequence:

At dismantling of cars, springs, hubs and wheels are purchased.
A profile pipe 25 * 25 mm and 50 * 80 mm is bought at the metal base
Materials necessary for lining the food truck body are purchased.
A base is made from a 50 * 80 mm profile pipe, to which the trailer mount is welded, which will be connected to the car's towbar. It is also necessary to weld a mount for the springs in the lower part from different sides, to which the axle with wheels will be attached.
When the base is ready, the body of the food truck is cooked from a smaller profile pipe. To make it convenient for people to work inside, it is necessary to make the ceiling at a height of at least 2 meters from the floor. It is also necessary to leave free areas for installing doors and windows.
A thin metal sheet material is installed on a frame made of a profile pipe.
When the walls are installed from the inside, they must be insulated with foam insulation.
After insulation from the inside, the walls, ceiling and floor are sheathed with chipboard or any durable sheet material.
The food truck is made out from the outside. For this purpose, a colored film with some pattern is glued.
In order for the trailer to be able to register with the traffic police, you will need to install side lights, brake lights and turn signals in the back of the food truck.

Thus, it is possible to produce a working sample of a food truck at minimal financial cost. It is difficult to say how much a self-made food truck costs, but the amount spent will definitely be ten times less compared to the cost of acquiring a factory model.

How to open a food truck franchise?

Opening a food truck franchise is much easier than starting this type of business from scratch on your own. Despite the fact that the price of a food truck in this case will be slightly higher due to the acquisition of a franchise and the percentage of profits paid to the franchisor, with this type of business support from more experienced colleagues, it is very difficult not to reach a confident and significant business profitability.

To date, franchises are implemented by the following organizations:

Kukuray - this organization has been operating since 2012 and has more than 100 street trading points in the country. To purchase a franchise, you need an initial capital of at least 0.5 million rubles.
33 penguins - the company has been operating in the street trade market for 13 years. During this time, more than 1200 points of mobile trade have been opened. To start a business, you will need at least 700,000 rubles.

The advantage of franchising is that the franchisor provides ready business plan food truck, as well as legal and organizational support.

Cafe on wheels for lease

If there are insufficient financial resources to start a business, then you can try to purchase a food truck on lease. Not all manufacturers of cars and trailers for mobile trading provide such a service, but if you decide to purchase a food truck on wheels on credit, then you should first of all ask the managers who sell food trucks about the possibility of renting it with the possibility of subsequent redemption.

Conclusion

How to open a food truck from scratch in Russia is described in general terms in this article. In order to sell burgers on the street, you need to purchase a foot truck, register a business activity and pay for the parking of a cafe on wheels in places where such trade is allowed. Then you need to correctly compose a "menu" and you can start selling food and drinks in the busiest places in the village.

As the website, the deputy chairman of the property relations committee (CRO), told the correspondent, food trucks, which are more and more in the city, cannot be placed where their owners want, but can participate in the auction for the placement of non-stationary retail facilities (NTO) on common grounds, although it will be more difficult to prove its compliance with the production safety criteria for a food point on wheels.

However, the competition at the auction is not crazy, and there is a chance to win them. “Perhaps someday the Committee for the Development of Entrepreneurship and the Consumer Market will revise Decree No. 1045 “On the placement of NTOs”, and food trucks, as a popular phenomenon in public catering around the world, will have the right to conclude a contract in a targeted way,” added Alexander German .

How to open a food truck

The food truck "Jackie Chan" is a mini-van that stands on a private territory belonging to the creative space "Hall" on emb. bypass channel. Here, woks are prepared and treated with homemade lemonade and tea. The food truck menu has five types of noodles: with marbled beef, pork, chicken, egg and tomatoes, vegan, as well as drinks. “Food trucks often feature burgers, but we wanted to do something fundamentally different and therefore decided to cook noodles in Chinese woks,” says Mikhail Vnebrachnykh, co-owner of Jackie Chan. Recipes for Chinese cuisine have come about through experimentation, books, and personal cooking experience. Investments in Jackie Chan amounted to 550 thousand rubles of own funds. Partners are going to recoup the invested money before the end of the season.

Mikhail Vnemarachnykh and Dmitry Golubev are students of the Technological Faculty of St. Petersburg State University of Trade and Economics. The idea to open a food truck came 2 years ago when friends worked as cooks in one of the bars. It was many times cheaper to do this than to open a restaurant, says Mikhail Vnebrachnykh. For 60 thousand partners bought a 1978 car. Its repair, painting and metal cladding were re-made in China. The equipment was ordered from online stores. Gas burners and cylinders, refrigerators, woks (traditional Chinese pans with a round bottom), technological tables, etc. cost another 100 thousand rubles.

The food truck has been operating on the 8 m2 area rented from Lumiere Hall since July. Friends did not participate in the auction for the placement of "Jackie Chan" in the city. “Such auctions usually win large companies, it’s too early for us to compete, ”explains Mikhail Vnebrachnykh. The monthly rent is 15 thousand rubles. Electricity is provided by the landlord. Ensuring water supply is one of the mistakes of businessmen. The purchased car contains only 15 liters of water, and for full operation it needs up to 100 liters per day.

The average check in "Jackie Chan" is 300 rubles. "We are distinguished from competitors by portions: a box of noodles weighs 450 g, of which 100 g of meat, 150 g of noodles, the rest is vegetables and sauce," emphasizes Dmitry Golubev. The desired revenue per day is 10 thousand rubles, the current one is 5 thousand.

food truck market

Petersburg food trucks can be conditionally divided into two groups. The first is the cars of gastronomic enthusiasts or regular participants in gastronomic festivals, for whom this is the main business. The second group is the food trucks of restaurants, which are used as a way to introduce the audience to their cuisine. There are about 30 representatives of the first group in St. Petersburg. Among the well-known food trucks of gastroenthusiasts are BroS BurritoS, "Sbudetsya", Forest Camp, "Proteins and carbohydrates".

According to Svetlana Malyshko, co-owner and administrator of the Proteins and Carbohydrates food truck, due to the lack of legislative framework about food trucks, the business has to be seasonal for the time being. Installing a retail facility on the street is possible only if it is assigned to a specific address. Therefore, food trucks mainly work in the warm season, when there are many street events, renting space on private territories (like Jackie Chan) or at festivals (like Proteins and Carbohydrates).

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